Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Morphological, Structural and Optical Evolution of Ag Nanostructures on c-Plane GaN Through the Variation of Deposition Amount and Temperature

  • Published:
Metals and Materials International Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Owing to their tunable properties, Ag nanostructures have been widely adapted in various applications and the morphological control can determine their performance and effectiveness. In this work, we demonstrate the morphological and optical evolution of Ag nanostructures on GaN (0001) by the systematic control of deposition amount at two distinctive annealing temperatures. Based on the Volmer–Weber and coalescence growth models, the nanostructure growth commenced by the thermal solid-state-dewetting evolve in terms of size, density and configuration. At 450 °C, the round-dome shaped Ag nanoparticles (regime I), irregular Ag nano-mounds (regime II) and void-layer structures (regime III) are observed along with the gradually increased deposition amount. As a sharp distinction, the solid state dewetting process occur more radically at 700 °C and also, the Ag sublimation and the effect on the nanostructure formation are observed in a clear regime shift scaled by the deposition amount. Meanwhile, a strong dependency of reflectance spectra evolution on the Ag nanostructure morphology is witnessed for both sets. In particular, Ag dipolar resonance peaks are significantly red-shifted from VIS to NIR regions along with the nanostructure evolution. The reflectance, PL and Raman intensity variation are also observed and discussed based on the evolution of Ag nanostructures.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. H. Jinbo, Yu. Yue, B. Jiao, S. Ning, H. Dong, X. Hou, Z. Zhang, W. Zhaoxin, Org. Electron. 31, 234–239 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. I. Lee, J.Y. Park, K. Hong, J.H. Son, S. Kim, J.-L. Lee, Nanoscale 8, 6463–6467 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. K. Ranganathan, D. Wamwangi, N.J. Coville, Sol. Energy 118, 256–266 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. B. Chen, C. Liu, L. Ge, K. Hayashi, Sens. Actuators B 23, 787–792 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. D. Zopf, J. Jatschka, A. Dathe, N. Jahr, W. Fritzsche, O. Stranik, Biosens. Bioelectron. 81, 287–293 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. A. Colombelli, M.G. Manera, A. Taurino, M. Catalano, A. Convertino, R. Rella, Sens. Actuators B 226, 589–597 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. L. Yan, Y. Yan, X. Leilei, R. Ma, F. Jiang, X. Xiaohong, Appl. Surf. Sci. 367, 563–568 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. H.-H. Jeong, A.G. Mark, M. Alarcon-Correa, I. Kim, P. Oswald, T.-C. Lee, P. Fischer, Nat. Commun. 7, 11331 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Z. Sun, D. Teng, L. Liu, X. Huang, X. Zhang, K. Sun, Y. Wang, N. Chi, G. Wang, IEEE Photonics J. 8, 7904308 (2016)

    Google Scholar 

  10. X. Mingsheng, M. Qi, L. Xiao, Q. Zhou, H. Wang, Z. Ji, X. Xiangang, Mater. Express 6, 205–209 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. M.-K. Kwon, J.-Y. Kim, B.-H. Kim, I.-K. Park, C.-Y. Cho, C.C. Byeon, S.-J. Park, Surface-plasmon-enhanced light-emitting diodes. Adv. Mater. 20, 1253–1257 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. H.W. Jang, J.-L. Lee, Appl. Phys. Lett. 85, 5920–5922 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. J.J. Wierer, D.A. Steigerwald, M.R. Krames, J.J. O’Shea, M.J. Ludowise, G. Christenson, Y.-C. Shen, C. Lowery, P.S. Martin, S. Subramanya, W. Götz, N.F. Gardner, R.S. Kern, S.A. Stockman, Appl. Phys. Lett. 78, 3379–3381 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. Y. Ma, W. Li, J. Zeng, M. McKiernan, Z. Xie, Y. Xia, Synthesis of small silver nanocubes in a hydrophobic solvent by introducing oxidative etching with Fe(III) species. J. Mater. Chem. 20, 3586–3589 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. J.M. Buriak, Organometallic chemistry on silicon and germanium surfaces. Chem. Rev. 102, 1271–1308 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. R. Wang, D. Liu, Z. Zuo, Yu. Qian, Z. Feng, H. Liu, X. Xiangang, Surfactantless photochemical growth of Ag nanostructures on GaN epitaxial films with controlled morphologies and their application for SERS. J. Mater. Chem. 22(6), 2410–2418 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. D.-M. Yeh, C.-F. Huang, C.-Y. Chen, Y.-C. Lu, C.C. Yang, Localized surface plasmon-induced emission enhancement of a green light-emitting diode. Nanotechnology 19(34), 345201 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. D. Li, X. Sun, H. Song, Z. Li, Y. Chen, H. Jiang, G. Miao, Realization of a high-performance GaN UV detector by nanoplasmonic enhancement. Adv. Mater. 24(6), 845–849 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. F. Ruffino, M.G. Grimaldi, J. Appl. Phys. 107, 104321 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. J. Ristica, E. Calleja, S. Fernandez-Garrido, L. Cerutti, A. Trampert, U. Jahn, K.H. Ploog, J. Cryst. Growth 310, 4035–4045 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. G. Abadias, L. Simonot, J.J. Colin, A. Michel, S. Camelio, D. Babonneau, Appl. Phys. Lett. 107, 183105 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. R.J. Peláeza, C.N. Afonsoa, M. Skerenb, J. Bulírca, Laser Appl. Surf. Sci. 374, 61–64 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. E. Shaffir, I. Riess, W.D. Kaplan, Acta Mater. 57, 248–256 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. J.-Y. Kwon, T.-S. Yoon, K.-B. Kim, S.-H. Min, J. Appl. Phys. 93, 3270 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. F. Ruffino, M.G. Grimaldi, Phys. Status Solidi A 212, 1662–1684 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. C.M. Müller, R. Spolenak, J. Appl. Phys. 113, 094301 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. D. Wang, P. Schaaf, Phys. Status Solidi A 212, 1544–1551 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. M. Sui, P. Pandey, Ming-Yu. Li, Q. Zhang, S. Kunwar, J. Lee, J. Mater. Sci. (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-016-0339-0

    Google Scholar 

  29. C. Polop, C. Rosiepen, S. Bleikamp, R. Drese, J. Mayer, A. Dimyati, T. Michely, New J. Phys. 9, 74 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. J.M. Zhang, F. Ma, K.W. Xu, Appl. Surf. Sci. 229, 34–42 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  31. J.F. Muth, J.H. Lee, I.K. Shmagin, R.M. Kolbas, H.C. Casey Jr., B.P. Keller, U.K. Mishra, S.P. DenBaars, Appl. Phys. Lett. 71, 2572 (1997)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  32. C.X. Lian, X.Y. Li, J. Liu, Semicond. Sci. Technol. 19, 417–420 (2004)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. C.C. Zheng, S.J. Xu, F. Zhang, J.Q. Ning, D.G. Zhao, H. Yang, C.M. Che, Appl. Phys. Lett. 101, 191102 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  34. E. Thouti, N. Chander, V. Dutta, V.K. Komarala, J. Opt. 15, 035005 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  35. U. Kreibig, M. Vollmer, Optical Properties of Metal Clusters (Springer, Berlin, 2013)

    Google Scholar 

  36. Paul L. Stiles, Jon A. Dieringer, Nilam C. Shah, Richard P. Van Duyne, Annu. Rev. Anal. Chem. 1, 601–626 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Md Mijanur Rahman, Nampei Hattori, Xu Yuta Nakagawa, Shiki Yagai Lin, Masatoshi Sakai, Kazuhiro Kudo, Kazunuki Yamamoto, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 53, 11 (2014)

    Google Scholar 

  38. P.K. Jain, X. Huang, I.H. El-Sayed, M.A. El-Sayed, Plasmonics 2, 107–118 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  39. S. Peng, J.M. McMahon, G.C. Schatz, S.K. Graya, Y. Sun, PNAS 107, 14530–14534 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  40. T. Goto, N. Seki, Y. Shirai, T. Ohmi, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 50, 015801 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  41. C.Y. Liu, M.M. Dvoynenko, M.Y. Lai, T.H. Chan, Y.R. Lee, J.-K. Wang, Y.L. Wang, Appl. Phys. Lett. 96, 033109 (2010)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  42. X. Xia, R. Shen, Y. Liu, D. Yang, S. Song, L. Zhao, Z. Shi, X. Li, H. Liang, B. Zhang, D. Guotong, Opt. Mater. Express 2, 38–43 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  43. Y. Liang, N. Guo, L. Li, R. Li, G. Ji, S. Gan, New J. Chem. 40, 1587–1594 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  44. Y. Zhao, X. Liu, D.Y. Lei, Y. Chai, Nanoscale 6, 1311–1317 (2014)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. S.-i. Nakashima, T. Mitani, M. Tomobe, T. Kato, H. Okumura, AIP Adv. 6, 015207 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  46. F. Leroy, F. Cheynis, T. Passanante, P. Muller, Phys. Rev. B 88, 035306 (2013)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  47. Ming-Yu. Li, Q. Zhang, P. Pandey, M. Sui, E.-S. Kim, J. Lee, Sci. Rep. 5, 13954 (2015)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  48. L. Zhang, F. Cosandey, R. Persaud, T.E. Madey, Surf. Sci. 439, 73–85 (1999)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  49. W.K. Choi, T.H. Liew, H.G. Chew, F. Zheng, C.V. Thompson, Y. Wang, M.H. Hong, X.D. Wang, L. Li, J. Yun, Small 4, 330–333 (2008)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  50. N. Yoshimura, Vacuum Technology: Practice for Scientific Instruments (Springer, Berlin, 2007), pp. 156–157

    Google Scholar 

  51. A. Rath, J.K. Dash, R.R. Juluri, A. Rosenauer, M. Schoewalter, P.V. Satyam, J. Appl. Phys. 111, 064322 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  52. P. Pandey, M. Sui, Ming-Yu. Li, Q. Zhang, S. Kunwar, W. Jiang, Z.M. Wang, G.J. Salamo, J. Lee, Cryst. Growth Des. 16, 3334–3344 (2016)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

Financial support from the National Research Foundation of Korea (Nos. 2011-0030079 and 2016R1A1A1A05005009), and in part by the research grant of Kwangwoon University in 2017 is gratefully acknowledged.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Electronics and Information, Kwangwoon University, Seoul, 01897, Republic of Korea

    Mao Sui, Ming-Yu Li, Puran Pandey, Quanzhen Zhang, Sundar Kunwar & Jihoon Lee

  2. Institute of Nanoscale Science and Engineering, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA

    Jihoon Lee

Authors
  1. Mao Sui
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Ming-Yu Li
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Puran Pandey
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Quanzhen Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Sundar Kunwar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Jihoon Lee
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Jihoon Lee.

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplementary material 1 (DOCX 9341 kb)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Sui, M., Li, MY., Pandey, P. et al. Morphological, Structural and Optical Evolution of Ag Nanostructures on c-Plane GaN Through the Variation of Deposition Amount and Temperature. Met. Mater. Int. 24, 337–350 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12540-018-0033-7

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12540-018-0033-7

Keywords

Search

Navigation