Abstract
As China’s rural revitalization strategy pays more attention to the importance of tourism, regions represented by Beijing, Tianjin, and Hebei gradually hope to integrate rural tourism elements into regional coordinated development. In this study, the key tourism villages in China were crawled by Python tools. A total of 89 key tourism villages in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region were selected as the research objects. Based on the ArcGIS software, the spatial distribution characteristics of the corresponding key tourism villages were discussed by combining the nearest neighbor index and spatial autocorrelation analysis method, and the relevant influencing factors were quantitatively analyzed, and the following conclusions were drawn: Key villages of rural tourism in this region show significant differences in the actual spatial distribution. Key villages in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region show a certain aggregation in the spatial distribution, but the distribution is not balanced. The key villages of rural tourism in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region have the distribution characteristics of multi-core clusters, and there are four groups in total. The number of key villages decreases gradually from the core area to the periphery. The spatial differentiation characteristics of rural tourism key villages in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region are significantly positively influenced by economic factors, population, transportation, and tourism resources.
Similar content being viewed by others
Change history
09 April 2022
This article has been retracted. Please see the Retraction Notice for more detail: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-022-10083-9
28 September 2021
An Editorial Expression of Concern to this paper has been published: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-021-08472-7
References
Akkoli KM, Banapurmath NR, Shivashimpi MM, Soudagar MEM, Badruddin IA, Alazwari MA, Yaliwal VS, Mujtaba MA, Akram N, Goodarzi M, Safaei MR, Venu H (2021) Effect of injection parameters and producer gas derived from redgram stalk on the performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine. Alexandria Engineer J 60(3):3133–3142
Alaeddinoglu F, Can AS (2011) Identification and classification of nature-based tourism resources: Western Lake Van basin, Turkey. Procedia Soc Behav Sci 19:198–207
Chen JS, Gursoy D (2001) An investigation of tourists’ destination loyalty and preferences. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, An investigation of tourists’ destination loyalty and preferences
Chen M, Zhang W-H (2021) Purchase intention for hydrogen automobile among Chinese citizens: The influence of environmental concern and perceived social value. Int J Hydrog Energy 46(34):18000–18010. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijhydene.2020.11.099
Chou L, Dai J, Qian X, Karimipour A, Zheng X (2021) Achieving sustainable soil and water protection: The perspective of agricultural water price regulation on environmental protection. Agric Water Manag 245:106583. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.agwat.2020.106583
Deng A, Lu J, Zhao Z (2021) Rural destination revitalization in China: applying evolutionary economic geography in tourism governance. Asia Pacific J Tour Res 26(2):215–230
Domroes M (1985) Tourism resources and their development in Maldive Islands. GeoJournal 10(1):119–126
Fang LL, Su Q (2019) Spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of rural tourism model villages in Anhui Province. Yunnan Geogr Environ Res 3
Fu Y-K (2020) The impact and recovering strategies of the COVID-19 pandemic: Lessons from Taiwan’s hospitality industry. Cogent Soc Sci 6(1):1829806. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311886.2020.1829806
Fu Y-K, Wang Y-J (2020) Experiential value influences authentic happiness and behavioural intention: lessons from Taiwan’s tourism accommodation sector. Tour Rev 76(1):289–303. https://doi.org/10.1108/TR-06-2019-0228
Gao S, Huang S, Huang Y (2009) Rural tourism development in China. Int J Tour Res 11(5):439–450
Guo T (2018) Research on the development of rural tourism organization in China. Master’s thesis, Anhui University
Jamshed W, Goodarzi M, Prakash M, Nisar KS, Zakarya M, Abdel-Aty AH (2021) Evaluating the unsteady casson nanofluid over a stretching sheet with solar thermal radiation: an optimal case study. Case Studies in Thermal Engineering 101160
Khan MK, Teng JZ, Khan MI, Khan MO (2019) Impact of globalization, economic factors and energy consumption on CO2 emissions in Pakistan. Sci Total Environ 688:424–436
Li Z, Li A, Dai X-Z, Dai J (2020) Impact of Public participation on coastal pollution emissions under the growth of personal income. J Coast Res 109(sp1). https://doi.org/10.2112/JCR-SI109-007.1
Lin H-C, Chou L-C, Zhang W-H (2020) Cross-Strait climate change and agricultural product loss. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27(12):12908–12921. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-019-05166-2
Liu S (2020) Spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of rural tourism key villages in the Yangtze River Delta. J Nanyang Normal Univ (06):1–7 DOI :CNKI:SUN: nysf.0.2020-06-001
Mao XG, Song JP, YU, W. (2011) Space structure and its evolution of A-grade tourist attractions in Beijing. Econ Geogr 31(8):1381–1386
Marzo-Navarro M, Pedraja-Iglesias M, Vinzón L (2016) Development and validation of the measurement instruments of the determinant elements of integrated rural tourism. J Hosp Tour Res 40(4):476–496
Nam S, Park S E, & Shin H C (2015). Accessing the economic value of night view of bridge using contingent valuation method: the case of South Korea’s Han-River bridge. International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research
Qianwen L (1996) On the decisive factor in population distribution. J Guangzhou Normal University (Social Science Edtion):02
Ruiz-Real JL, Uribe-Toril J, de Pablo Valenciano J, Gázquez-Abad JC (2020) Rural tourism and development: evolution in scientific literature and trends. J Hosp Tour Res 1096348020926538
Soudagar MEM, Afzal A, Safaei MR, Manokar AM, EL-Seesy AI, Mujtaba MA et al (2020) Investigation on the effect of cottonseed oil blended with different percentages of octanol and suspended MWCNT nanoparticles on diesel engine characteristics. J Therm Anal Calorim:1–18
Tang XY (2015) The social and cultural impact of tourism in ancient villages: the relationship between residents’ perception, attitude and behavior - a case study of Pingan village in Longji, Guangxi. Hum Geogr 30(1):135–142
Villanueva-Álvaro JJ, Mondéjar-Jiménez J, Sáez-Martínez FJ (2017) Rural tourism: development, management and sustainability in rural establishments. Sustainability 9(5):818
Wang MJ, Zhou P, Hou F (2020) Spatial distribution characteristics and influencing factors of key rural tourism villages in the Yangtze River Economic Belt. Journal of Shandong Agricultural University: Social Science Edition 22(2):24–30
Wang Y, Wei H, Wang Y, Peng C, Dai J (2021) Chinese industrial water pollution and the prevention trends: An assessment based on environmental complaint reporting system (ECRS). Alex Eng J 60(6):5803–5812. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aej.2021.04.015
Wei H, Zhang Y, Xiu P, Zhang H, Zhu S (2021). Index-based analysis of industrial structure and environmental efficiency based on sewage discharge assessment in China. Alexandria Engineering Journal
Xi J, Wang X, Kong Q, Zhang N (2015) Spatial morphology evolution of rural settlements induced by tourism. J Geogr Sci 25(4):497–511
Xu J, Yang M, Hou C, Lu Z, Liu D (2021) Distribution of rural tourism development in geographical space: a case study of 323 traditional villages in Shaanxi, China. European J Remote Sens 54(sup2):318–333
Xue L, Kerstetter D (2019) Rural tourism and livelihood change: an Emic perspective. J Hosp Tour Res 43(3):416–437
Yang M (2019) The realistic predicament, insufficiency and resolution of rural tourism development. Soc Sci 1
Yang Y, Bao W, Liu Y (2020) Coupling coordination analysis of rural production-living-ecological space in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region. Ecol Indic 117:106512
Zheng C, Zhang Y, Chen K (2020) Corporate Innovation and Capacity Utilization in China’s Coastal Areas: Governance under the Context of Environmental Regulation. J Coast Res 109(sp1). https://doi.org/10.2112/JCR-SI109-032.1
Zhou T, Jiang G, Zhang R, Zheng Q, Ma W, Zhao Q, Li Y (2018) Addressing the rural in situ urbanization (RISU) in the Beijing–Tianjin–Hebei region: spatio-temporal pattern and driving mechanism. Cities 75:59–71
Funding
The research is supported by the following: General projects of philosophy and Social Sciences in Colleges and universities of Shanxi Province: Research on the development mode of Taiyuan urban agriculture under the background of Rural Revitalization Strategy in the new era — Based on the perspective of agricultural multi value and Space production perspective (No. 201805024).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The author declares that there are no competing interests.
Additional information
Responsible Editor: Ahmed Farouk
This article is part of the Topical Collection on Big Data and Intelligent Computing Techniques in Geosciences
This article has been retracted. Please see the retraction notice for more detail:https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-022-10083-9
About this article
Cite this article
Zhao, W. RETRACTED ARTICLE: Rural tourism and spatial development in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region under the revitalization strategy. Arab J Geosci 14, 1856 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-021-07971-x
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-021-07971-x