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A critical review of mechanisms involved in the adsorption of organic and inorganic contaminants through biochar

  • S. I. BIOCHAR
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Abstract

Successful application of low-cost adsorbent like biochar has introduced multidisciplinary areas of science, particularly with respect to remediation of both organic and inorganic contaminants in soil and water. This review briefly consolidates the currently available literature to comprehend the overall adsorption mechanisms of organic and inorganic contaminants through biochar. Generally, biochar produced at low pyrolysis temperature is suitable for the adsorption of inorganic contaminants by following the adsorption mechanisms of electrostatic interaction, precipitation, and ion exchange. However, relatively high pyrolysis temperature favors the adsorption of organic contaminants by increasing the surface area and micropores of biochar along with pore filling and hydrophobic and electrostatic interaction as predominant adsorption mechanisms. This review also summarizes the critical factors (pyrolysis temperature, solution pH, dosage of biochar, contact time, co-existed ions, modification/activation, aging process, etc) affecting the overall adsorption efficiency of the biochar. Overall, further field studies and experimentation are required for the reduction of cost in biochar production and its reuse.

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Acknowledgments

The authors want to say thanks to the Higher Education Commission (HEC) of Pakistan.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore, Pakistan

    Zohaib Abbas

  2. Department of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Government College University, Allama Iqbal Road, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan

    Shafaqat Ali, Muhammad Rizwan, Ihsan Elahi Zaheer & Muhammad Ahsan Riaz

  3. Sustainable Development Study Center, Government College University, Lahore, Pakistan

    Afifa Malik

  4. Institute of Soil & Environmental Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan

    Muhammad Rizwan Shahid & Muhammad Zia ur Rehman

  5. Soil Sciences Department, College of Food and Agricultural Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia

    Mohammad I. Al-Wabel

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  1. Zohaib Abbas
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  2. Shafaqat Ali
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  3. Muhammad Rizwan
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  4. Ihsan Elahi Zaheer
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  9. Mohammad I. Al-Wabel
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Correspondence to Shafaqat Ali.

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This article is part of the Topical Collection on Implications of Biochar Application to Soil Environment under Arid Conditions

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Abbas, Z., Ali, S., Rizwan, M. et al. A critical review of mechanisms involved in the adsorption of organic and inorganic contaminants through biochar. Arab J Geosci 11, 448 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12517-018-3790-1

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