Abstract
Rupture of a benign cystic ovarian teratoma may result in severe chemical granulomatous peritonitis, a condition mimicking peritonitis carcinomatosa, with patients complaining of common abdominal symptoms. As the precipitating cause of rupture is often indeterminate and the rupture itself is hard to recognize, it is difficult to differentiate from peritonitis of other etiologies, such as gastrointestinal malignancy. We report the case of a 72-year-old female who presented with recurrent pyrexia and abdominal distension. Laboratory data showed signs of inflammation and a high level of carbohydrate antigen 125. Imaging examinations showed left-side-dominant pleural effusion, ascites with peritoneal adhesions, and a left cystic ovarian teratoma. Repeat paracentesis of both the pleural effusion and ascites demonstrated exudative characteristics, but there was no indication of malignancy or signs of infection, including those of tuberculosis. Although exploratory laparotomy was then recommended for conclusive diagnosis and ruling out such gynecological malignancy, the patient declined. Fortunately, laboratory data, radiological images, and other clinical findings gradually improved over the following 12 months. Moreover, a retrospective review of the computed tomography images revealed lipid particles in the ascites, indicative of teratoma rupture. The final diagnosis was chemical peritonitis and pleuritis caused by spontaneous rupture of the benign cystic teratoma. The present case was extremely rare with regard to its diagnosis and clinical progression. Our experience suggests that chemical peritonitis should be included in the differential diagnosis of peritonitis.
Abbreviations
- CEA:
-
Carcinoembryonic antigen
- CA19-9:
-
Carbohydrate antigen 19-9
- CA125:
-
Carbohydrate antigen 125
- sIL-2R:
-
Soluble interleukin 2 receptor
- ADA:
-
Adenosine deaminase
- PCR:
-
Polymerase chain reaction
- WBC:
-
White blood cells
References
Kistner RW. Intraperitoneal rupture of benign cystic teratomas; review of the literature with a report of two cases. Obstet Gynecol Surv. 1952;7:603–17.
Peterson WF, Prevost EC, Edmunds FT, Hundley JM Jr, Morris FK. Benign cystic teratomas of the ovary; a clinico-statistical study of 1,007 cases with a review of the literature. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1955;70:368–82.
Comerci JT Jr, Licciardi F, Bergh PA, Gregori C, Breen JL. Mature cystic teratoma: a clinicopathologic evaluation of 517 cases and review of the literature. Obstet Gynecol. 1994;84:22–8.
Ayhan A, Bukulmez O, Genc C, Karamursel BS. Mature cystic teratomas of the ovary: case series from one institution over 34 years. Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol. 2000;88:153–7.
Quer EA, Dockerty MB, Mayo CW. Ruptured dermoid cyst of the ovary simulating abdominal carcinomatosis; report of case. Proc Staff Meet Mayo Clin. 1951;26:489–98.
Bhatla N, Khanna R, Bhargava VL. Intraperitoneal rupture of benign cystic teratoma. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 1993;40:163–4.
da Silva BB, dos Santos AR, Lopes-Costa PV, Sousa-Junior EC, Correa-Lima MV, Pires CG. Ovarian dermoid cyst with malignant transformation and rupture of the capsule associated with chemical peritonitis: a case report and literature review. Eur J Gynaecol Oncol. 2009;30:226–8.
Hosokawa T, Sato Y, Seki T, Maebara M, Ito K, Kuribayashi S. Malignant transformation of a mature cystic teratoma of the ovary with rupture. Jpn J Radiol. 2010;28:372–5.
Tanaka Y, Hori H, Gorai I. Chemical peritonitis caused by an iatrogenic rupture of mature cystic teratoma of the ovary during labor: a report of a case didactic to all the maternity health care workers. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med. 2011;24:388–90.
Wiberg N, Kiss K, Dalsgaard L. Lipogranuloma peritonealis caused by spontaneous rupture of a benign cystic ovarian teratoma. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand. 2003;82:91–4.
Stuart GC, Smith JP. Ruptured benign cystic teratomas mimicking gynecologic malignancy. Gynecol Oncol. 1983;16:139–43.
Waxman M, Boyce JG. Intraperitoneal rupture of benign cystic ovarian teratoma. Obstet Gynecol. 1976;48:9S–13S.
Stenram U. Sclerosing peritonitis in a case of benign cystic ovarian teratoma. A case report. APMIS. 1997;105:414–6.
Phupong V, Sueblinvong T, Triratanachat S. Ovarian teratoma with diffused peritoneal reactions mimicking advanced ovarian malignancy. Arch Gynecol Obstet. 2004;270:189–91.
Suprasert P, Khunamornpong S, Siriaunkgul S, Phongnarisorn C, Siriaree S. Ruptured mature cystic teratomas mimicking advanced stage ovarian cancer: a report of 2 cases study. J Med Assoc Thai. 2004;87:1522–5.
Koshiba H. Severe chemical peritonitis caused by spontaneous rupture of an ovarian mature cystic teratoma: a case report. J Reprod Med. 2007;52:965–7.
Maiti S, Fatima Z, Anjum ZK, Hopkins RE. Ruptured ovarian cystic teratoma in pregnancy with diffuse peritoneal reaction mimicking advanced ovarian malignancy: a case report. J Med Case Rep. 2008;2:203.
Ferrero A, Cespedes M, Cantarero JM, Arenas A, Pamplona M. Peritonitis due to rupture of retroperitoneal teratoma: computed tomography diagnosis. Gastrointest Radiol. 1990;15:251–2.
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Tejima, K., Enomoto, R., Arano, T. et al. A case of chemical peritonitis and pleuritis caused by spontaneous rupture of a benign cystic ovarian teratoma that improved without surgical intervention. Clin J Gastroenterol 6, 274–280 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12328-013-0391-0
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12328-013-0391-0