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Genetic Polymorphism of Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptors and Their Effect on the Clinical Outcome of Captopril Treatment in Arab Iraqi Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome (Mid Euphrates)

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Abstract

Genetic variation in the angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) has an important effect on the outcome of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) initiated treatment with captopril. This study aims to investigate the impact of genetic polymorphism of AT1R (rs5186 and rs275651) on the ACS outcome in Iraqi patients treated with captopril. A total of 250 Iraqi individuals with ACS were included in this case—control study and they were divided into two study groups; Study group 1 included 125 participants who were prescribed captopril, 25 mg twice daily and study group 2 included 125 participants who received no captopril as part of their ACS treatment (control study). The AT1R gene (rs5186) CC genotype was found to be associated with ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) (Odd’s ratio (O.R) = 1.2, P = 0.7), while AC was associated with Non-ST-elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) and unstable angina (UA) (O.R = 1.2, P = 0.8). AC genotype is more prone to have Percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) after ACS attack (O.R = 1.2, P = 0.6). CC genotype had a risk to get less improvement (O.R = 1.6, P = 0.5), so might require higher doses of captopril during acute coronary insult. The AT1R gene (rs275651) AA genotype was associated with UA (O.R = 1.3, P = 0.9). AA and AT genotypes were more prone to have PCI after ACS attack (O.R = 3.9 P = 0.2, O.R = 3.5, P = 0.3 respectively) and thus requiring higher doses of captopril. We conclude that the AT1R rs5186, rs275651 genetic polymorphisms might partially affect the clinical outcome of ACS patients treated with captopril and might have captopril resistance which requires higher doses.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine, University of Kufa, Kufa, Iraq

    Fadhaa A. Ghafil & Najah R. Hadi

  2. College of Pharmacy, University of Al Qadisiyah, Kufa, Iraq

    Bassim I. Mohammad

  3. Department of Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Kufa, Al-Diwaniyah, Iraq

    Hussain S. Al-Janabi

  4. School of Life Sciences, College of Science, Health and Engineering, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Melbourne, VIC, 3086, Australia

    Hayder A. Al-Aubaidy

Authors
  1. Fadhaa A. Ghafil
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  2. Bassim I. Mohammad
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  3. Hussain S. Al-Janabi
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  4. Najah R. Hadi
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  5. Hayder A. Al-Aubaidy
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Correspondence to Hayder A. Al-Aubaidy.

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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee (Faculty of Medicine, University of Kufa, reference number KUM456) and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Ghafil, F.A., Mohammad, B.I., Al-Janabi, H.S. et al. Genetic Polymorphism of Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptors and Their Effect on the Clinical Outcome of Captopril Treatment in Arab Iraqi Patients with Acute Coronary Syndrome (Mid Euphrates). Ind J Clin Biochem 36, 81–87 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12291-019-00860-x

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