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Inhibition of nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-activated RAW264.7 macrophages by isolated xanthones from the roots of Cratoxylum formosum ssp. pruniflorum

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Abstract

The inhibitory activity of extract and compounds isolated from the roots of Cratoxylum formosum ssp. pruniflorum against nitric oxide (NO) was evaluated using RAW264.7 cells. Isolation of the CH2Cl2 extract of C. formosum ssp. pruniflorum roots afforded ten known xanthones including six tri-oxygenated xanthones (1–6) and four tetra-oxygenated xanthones (7–10), respectively. Compound 7 showed the highest inhibitory activity against NO release with an IC50 value of 3.9 μM, followed by compound 8 with an IC50 value of 4.3 μM, respectively. In order to understand the mechanism of this anti-inflammatory activity, the transcriptional level of 7 was found to down regulate mRNA expressions of iNOS and COX-2 in dose-dependent manners, whereas 8 inhibited only iNOS mRNA expression but did not affect on that of COX-2 gene. Xanthones might be the main anti-inflammatory components in C. formosum ssp. pruniflorum.

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Acknowledgments

The research was supported by a grant from the Prince of Songkla University, Contract No.-TTM560543S. NW thanks Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science for the research facilities. We also thank the Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences for providing laboratory facilities.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Faculty of Traditional Thai Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand

    Nawong Boonnak

  2. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand

    Suchada Chantrapromma

  3. Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla, 90112, Thailand

    Supinya Tewtrakul

  4. Faculty of Oriental Medicine, Rangsit University, Pathumthani, 12000, Thailand

    Teeratad Sudsai

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  1. Nawong Boonnak
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  2. Suchada Chantrapromma
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  3. Supinya Tewtrakul
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  4. Teeratad Sudsai
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Correspondence to Nawong Boonnak or Supinya Tewtrakul.

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Boonnak, N., Chantrapromma, S., Tewtrakul, S. et al. Inhibition of nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-activated RAW264.7 macrophages by isolated xanthones from the roots of Cratoxylum formosum ssp. pruniflorum . Arch. Pharm. Res. 37, 1329–1335 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12272-014-0338-0

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