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Admission Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Stratified by Circulating CD14++CD16+ Monocytes and Risk for Recurrent Cardiovascular Events Following ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Lipid Paradox Revised

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Abstract

Lower level of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) is paradoxically associated with increased mortality in ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients. The underlying mechanism remains unclear. In a cohort of 220 de novo STEMI patients receiving timely primary percutaneous coronary intervention, admission LDL-C was negatively associated with circulating CD14++CD16+ monocyte counts. Moreover, admission LDL-C < 85 mg/dL was associated with increased risk for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE) during a median follow-up of 2.7 years. After categorizing the patients according to the cutoff values of 85 mg/dL for LDL-C and the median for CD14++CD16+ monocytes, low LDL-C-associated MACE risk was only observed in those with high CD14++CD16+ monocyte counts (low LDL-C/high CD14++CD16+ monocytes vs. low LDL-C/low CD14++CD16+ monocytes: hazard ratio 5.38, 95% confidence interval 1.52 to 19.06, P = 0.009). This work provided the proof-of-principle evidence indicating a role of CD14++CD16+ monocytes in risk stratification of STEMI patients presenting with low LDL-C level.

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Abbreviations

ACS:

Acute coronary syndrome

ASCVD:

Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease

CANTOS:

Canakinumab anti-inflammatory thrombosis outcomes study

COLCOT:

Colchicine cardiovascular outcomes trial

ELISA:

Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

FITC:

Fluorescein isothiocyanate

hsCRP:

High sensitivity C-reactive protein

LDL-C:

Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol

LVEF:

Left ventricular ejection fraction

MACE:

Major adverse cardiovascular events

MI:

Myocardial infarction

NSTEMI:

Non-ST elevation myocardial infarction

PCI:

Percutaneous coronary intervention

PE:

Phycoerythrin

STEMI:

ST elevation myocardial infarction

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Funding

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (81970304) and Tianjin Municipal Science and Technology Commission (18ZXZNSY00290).

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  1. Shaozhuang Dong and Wenjie Ji contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Cardiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, 154, Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China

    Shaozhuang Dong, Xin Zhou & Qing Yang

  2. Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Target Organ Injury, Heart Center, Pingjin Hospital, Tianjin, China

    Wenjie Ji, Shan Zeng, Jun Miao, Lifang Yan, Xinlin Liu & Junxiang Liu

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  1. Shaozhuang Dong
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All procedures followed were in accordance with the ethical standards of the Ethical Committee of Pingjin Hospital on human experimentation and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1975, as revised in 2000.

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Dong, S., Ji, W., Zeng, S. et al. Admission Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol Stratified by Circulating CD14++CD16+ Monocytes and Risk for Recurrent Cardiovascular Events Following ST Elevation Myocardial Infarction: Lipid Paradox Revised. J. of Cardiovasc. Trans. Res. 13, 916–927 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12265-020-10015-6

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