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Prevalence of Anal Human Papillomavirus Infection in Hungarian Men Who Have Sex with Men

  • Original Article
  • Published:
Pathology & Oncology Research

Abstract

Anal cancer is one of the leading causes of death in non-AIDS defining cancers. Most of these cancers are associated with high risk HPV infection. So far, the prevalence and the significance of anal HPV infection have not been studied in the Hungarian MSM population. The main objective of our study was to determine the prevalence and associated risk factors of HPV-infection in the Hungarian MSM community, particularly in HIV-infected MSM. Out of 109 examinations 92 samples (80 HIV-infected and 12 HIV-negative MSM) were evaluated for both cytological abnormalities and HPV genotyping PCR. Using a questionnaire all enrolled individuals were interviewed about their sexual behavior, socioeconomic factors, drug use and other known or suspected risk factors. In the HIV-infected cohort 97.5% of the examined individuals were positive for any HPV type. In this group we detected high risk (HR) HPV in 88.8%, low risk (LR) HPV in 75.0% and probably high risk (PHR) HPV in 47.5% and multiple HPV infection was absolutely common (82.5%). In the HIV-negative MSM group the incidence of HPV-infection was 58.3%. The respective rate of HR-HPV, LR-HPV and PHR-HPV genotypes were 33.3%, 58.4%, and 16.7%. In the HIV-negative group both HPV infection frequency and the prevalence of the pertinent genotypes were much lower. The Hungarian MSM population is severely infected with HPV and HR-HPV. High-risk sexual behaviors are strong predictors for acquiring HR-HPV co-infections. Our results underline the necessity of anal cancer screening and the introduction of the vaccination program in the high-risk population.

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Abbreviations

AIDS:

acquired immune deficiency syndrome

AC:

anal cancer

AIN:

anal intraepithelial neoplasia

CIN:

cervical intraepithelial lesion

cART:

combination antiretroviral therapy

HAV:

hepatitis A

HBV:

hepatitis B

HCV:

hepatitis C

HR:

high-risk

HIV:

human immunodeficiency virus

HPV:

human papillomavirus

LSIL:

low grade SIL

LR:

low-risk

MSM:

men who have sex with men

NADM:

non-AIDS defining malignancies

PCR:

polymerase chain reaction

PHR:

probably high-risk

STD:

sexually transmitted diseases

SIL:

squamous intraepithelial lesion

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to all participants and research assistant of HIV Center as well as the PLUSS Foundation for that they helped in the patient communication.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Molecular Biology Laboratory, St. István and St. László Hospital, Albert Flórián str. 5-7, Budapest, 1097, Hungary

    Eszter Szabó & Eszter Ujhelyi

  2. Institute of Biology Department of Immunology, Eötvös Loránd University, Pázmány Péter str. 1/c, Budapest, 1117, Hungary

    Eszter Szabó

  3. 3th Department of Infectology, St. István and St. László Hospital, Albert Flórián str. 5-7, Budapest, 1097, Hungary

    Csaba Kósa & Dénes Bánhegyi

  4. Department of Pathology, St. István and St. László Hospital, Nagyvárad square 1, Budapest, 1097, Hungary

    Edit Babarczi

  5. Doctoral School for Clinical Medicine, Semmelweis University, Üllői str. 26, Budapest, 1085, Hungary

    Mihály Sulyok

  6. Institute for Tropical Medicine, Eberhard Karl University, Wilhelmstr. 27, 72074, Tuebingen, Germany

    Mihály Sulyok

  7. Hepatology Center, St. István and St. László Hospital, Nagyvárad square 1, Budapest, 1097, Hungary

    István Vályi-Nagy

Authors
  1. Eszter Szabó
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  2. Csaba Kósa
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Correspondence to Eszter Szabó.

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Szabó, E., Kósa, C., Babarczi, E. et al. Prevalence of Anal Human Papillomavirus Infection in Hungarian Men Who Have Sex with Men. Pathol. Oncol. Res. 24, 671–677 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12253-017-0292-5

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