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Performance Estimation of New Vehicle Thermal Management System for an Unmanned Military Ground Vehicle Using Integrated Simulation Model

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Abstract

The Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs) have additional powertrain components compared with conventional vehicles. Thus, to design a Vehicle Thermal Management System (VTMS) architecture and control strategy for a new HEV powertrain, it is necessary to analyze the energy balance in the vehicle powertrain under various driving cycles and environmental conditions. In this study, a 1-D numerical model for an unmanned military ground vehicle powertrain including VTMS is developed and cycle simulations under military operation driving schedule with three different environmental temperatures are conducted to evaluate the cooling/heating performance of the VTMS and the performance of the vehicle. The simulation results showed that the integrated simulation of the VTMS and the powertrain is useful for the estimation of the performance of the new concept of VTMS architecture for a new vehicle platform. This study also suggests that the integrated system model can supply various information for the system design and optimization in the early stage of system design process.

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Abbreviations

A :

area, m2

Ah :

ampere hour, An

C :

thermal capacity rate, W/K

c :

Cmin/Cmax

Cp :

heat capacity, J/kg·K

D :

depth, m

d :

diameter, m

f :

friction factor

g :

gravity, m2/s

h :

convective heat transfer coefficient, W/m2·K

I :

current, A

j :

correlation factor

k :

thermal conductivity, K·m/W

L :

length, m

M :

mass, kg

ṁ :

mass flow rate, kg/s

NTU :

number of heat transfer unit

Nu :

Nusselt number

P :

pressure, Pa

p :

pitch, m

Pr:

Prandtl number

Q :

volume flow rate, m3/s

Q̇ :

heat rejection rate, J/s

R :

resistance, Ω

Re:

Reynolds number

T :

temperature, C

t :

thickness, m

U :

overall heat transfer coefficient, W/m2·K

V :

voltage, V

W :

work, J/s

ε :

effectiveness

η :

efficiency

θ :

theta, degree

μ :

dynamic viscosity, kg/m·s

ν :

velocity, m/s

ζ :

roughness, m

ρ :

density, kg/m3

τ :

torque, Nm

ω :

angular velocity, rad/s

air :

air

amb :

ambient

batt :

battery

cold :

cold

comp :

component

compr :

compressor

con :

condenser

cond :

conductive

conv :

convective

cool :

coolant

coulomb :

coulomb

d h :

hydraulic diameter

down :

down side

eva :

evaporator

f :

fin

fan :

fan

gen :

generator

h :

hydraulic

hot :

hot

i :

inlet

inner :

inner

int :

internal

l :

louver

La :

laminar

max:

maximum

min:

minimum

mot :

motor

nat :

natural

o :

outlet

outer :

outer

ov :

overall

pump :

pump

ref :

reference

t :

tube

Tu :

turbulent

used :

used

BTMS:

Battery Thermal Management System

GCU:

Generator Control Unit

HEV:

Hybrid Electric Vehicle

ICE:

Internal Combustion Engine

MCU:

Motor Control Unit

NTU:

Number of Heat Transfer Unit

OCV:

Open Circuit Voltage

PHEV:

Plug In Hybrid Electric Vehicle

SHEV:

Series Hybrid Electric Vehicle

SOC:

State of Charge

VTMS:

Vehicle Thermal Management System

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Acknowledgement

This research was supported by the Defense Acquisition Program Administration of Korea (DAPA) and by the Agency for Defense Development of Korea (ADD) (Grant No.: UC150014ID).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Mechanical & System Design Engineering, Hongik University, Seoul, 04066, Korea

    Tae Woo Kim, Min Yeol Ryu, Sung Soo Park & Sung Jin Park

  2. Artillery System Team, Hanwha Land Systems, 6 Pangyo-ro 319beon-gil, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi, 13488, Korea

    Keun Hyong Kim

  3. Agency for Defense Development, The 5th R&D Institute, P.O. Box 35-5, Yuseong-gu, Daejeon, 34186, Korea

    Hee Young Kim

Authors
  1. Tae Woo Kim
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  2. Min Yeol Ryu
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  3. Sung Soo Park
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  4. Keun Hyong Kim
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  5. Hee Young Kim
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Correspondence to Sung Jin Park.

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Kim, T.W., Ryu, M.Y., Park, S.S. et al. Performance Estimation of New Vehicle Thermal Management System for an Unmanned Military Ground Vehicle Using Integrated Simulation Model. Int.J Automot. Technol. 20, 429–444 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12239-019-0041-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12239-019-0041-8

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