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Yield Response of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Genotypes to Late Blight Caused by Phytophthora infestans in Uganda

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Abstract

Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) is a major food and cash crop, mainly grown by small-scale farmers in the highland regions of Uganda. Potato late blight is one of the major diseases limiting production with potential yield losses over 70%, making host resistance a strong element in integrated disease management. This study was carried out to screen and select high yielding potato genotypes with resistance to late blight in Uganda. Forty-eight genotypes, including advanced clones from the population B3C2 of the International Potato Centre, commercial and farmers’ varieties, were evaluated under two environments for two seasons. Trials were laid out in an 8 × 6 alpha lattice design with three replications. Genotypes showed significant differences in yield and resistance to blight. A higher disease severity was observed in Karengyere (56%). The average RAUDPC (= 100 max) across locations indicated that genotypes 395,077.12 and 392,657.8, with disease severity of 12% and 14%, respectively, were the most resistant. Genotypes Victoria (53%) and NKRN59.124 (48%) were the most susceptible. Mean tuber yield under late blight infection was19.8 t ha−1. The best yielding genotype across sites was 395,112.32 (35.6 t ha−1) while 394,905.8 (10.3 t ha−1), yielded the lowest. The mean marketable tuber weight was 8.9 kg with genotypes 395,112.32 and 395,109.34 having the highest marketable weight of 16.5 kg and 15.6 kg respectively. Correlations between yield and yield related parameters were positive (p ≤ 0.001), while those between RAUDPC were negative. The following genotypes, 395,112.32, 391,919.3, 393,220.54. 393,077.54, 396,038.107. 392,657.8, Kinigi, 395,014.17, NKRN59.58, NKRK19.17 and 395,011.2, were identified as promising parents for a late blight resistance breeding program. These exhibited high to medium resistance to late blight disease and high yields.

Resumen

La papa (Solanum tuberosum L.) es un alimento importante y un cultivo redituable, cultivado principalmente por agricultores a pequeña escala en los altiplanos de Uganda. El tizón tardío de la papa es una de las principales enfermedades que limitan la producción con pérdidas potenciales de rendimiento sobre el 70%, haciendo de la resistencia del hospedante un elemento fuerte en el manejo integrado de la enfermedad. Este estudio se llevó a cabo para probar y seleccionar genotipos de papa de alto rendimiento con resistencia al tizón tardío en Uganda. Se evaluaron 48 genotipos, incluyendo clones avanzados de la población B3C2 del Centro Internacional de la Papa, variedades comerciales y de los productores, bajo dos ambientes por dos ciclos. Los ensayos se establecieron en un diseño de latice alfa 8 × 6 con tres repeticiones. Los genotipos mostraron diferencias significativas en rendimiento y resistencia al tizón. Se observó una mayor severidad de la enfermedad en Karengyere (56%). El promedio de RAUDPC (=100 max) entre las localidades indicaron que los genotipos 395,077.12 y 392,657.8, con una severidad de la enfermedad de 12% y 14%, respectivamente, fueron los más resistentes. Los genotipos Victoria (53%) y NKRN59.124 (48%) fueron los más susceptibles. La media del rendimiento de tubérculo bajo infección del tizón tardío fue de 19.8 t ha-1. El mejor genotipo para rendimiento entre los sitios fue 395,112.32 (35.6 t ha-1), mientras que 394,905.8 fue el de más bajo rendimiento (10.3 t ha-1). La media de peso de tubérculo comercial fue de 8.9 kg con los genotipos 395,112.32 y 395,109.34, teniendo el mayor peso comercial de 16.5 kg y 15.6 kg, respectivamente. Las correlaciones entre rendimiento y parámetros relacionados con él fueron positivas (p ≤ 0.001), mientras que con RAUDPC fueron negativas. Los genotipos 395,112.32, 391,919.3, 393,220.54. 393,077.54, 396,038.107. 392,657.8, Kinigi, 395,014.17, NKRN59.58, NKRK19.17 y 395,011.2 se identificaron como progenitores prometedores para un programa de mejoramiento de resistencia al tizón tardío. Exhibieron resistencia de alta a media al tizón y altos rendimientos.

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Acknowledgements

The Alliance for a Green Revolution in Africa (AGRA) is sincerely thanked for funding this study. Due thanks to the National Agricultural Research Organisation (NARO) for all the support.

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Correspondence to Prossy Namugga.

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Namugga, P., Sibiya, J., Melis, R. et al. Yield Response of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) Genotypes to Late Blight Caused by Phytophthora infestans in Uganda. Am. J. Potato Res. 95, 423–434 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12230-018-9642-4

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