Abstract
Organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells and organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) are energy harvesting and generation devices that have attracted great attention these years because of their low costs, thin film structures, flexibility and environment-friendly manufacturing processes. For such thin film devices, photon management methods that increase the light absorption of OPV cells and the light extraction from OLEDs are highly desirable. Here, we report the experimental efforts to fabricate geometrically tunable and spontaneously formed nano-wrinkle structures with large areas, and the theoretical results on photon management with the nano-wrinkles.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
MÜLLER-MESKAMP L, KIM Y H, ROCH T, et al. Efficiency enhancement of organic solar cells by fabricating periodic surface textures using direct laser interference patterning [J]. Advanced Materials, 2012, 24(7): 906–910.
KREBS F C, FYENBO J, JØRGENSEN M. Product integration of compact roll-to-roll processed polymer solar cell modules: Methods and manufacture using flexographic printing, slot-die coating and rotary screen printing [J]. Journal of Materials Chemistry, 2010, 20(41): 8994–9001.
ISHIHARA K, FUJITA M, MATSUBARA I, et al. Organic light-emitting diodes with photonic crystals on glass substrate fabricated by nanoimprint lithography [J]. Applied Physics Letters, 2007, 90(11): 111114.
BATTAGLIA C, ESCARRÉ J, SÖDERSTRÖM K, et al. Nanomoulding of transparent zinc oxide electrodes for efficient light trapping in solar cells [J]. Nature Photonics, 2011, 5(9): 535–538.
TVINGSTEDT K, ZILIO S D, INGANÄS O, et al. Trapping light with micro lenses in thin film organic photovoltaic cells [J]. Optics Express, 2008, 16(26): 21608–21615.
YANG S, KHARE K, LIN P C. Harnessing surface wrinkle patterns in soft matter [J]. Advanced Functional Materials, 2010, 20(16): 2550–2564.
BOWDEN N, BRITTAIN S, EVANS A G, et al. Spontaneous formation of ordered structures in thin films of metals supported on an elastomeric polymer [J]. Nature, 1998, 393(6681): 146–149.
BOWDEN N, HUCK W T S, PAUL K E, et al. The controlled formation of ordered, sinusoidal structures by plasma oxidation of an elastomeric polymer [J]. Applied Physics Letters, 1999, 75(17): 2557–2559.
GENZER J, GROENEWOLD J. Soft matter with hard skin: From skin wrinkles to templating and material characterization [J]. Soft Matter, 2006, 2(2): 310–323.
AUDOLY B, BOUDAOUD A. Buckling of a stiff film bound to a compliant substrate. Part I. Formulation, linear stability of cylindrical patterns, secondary bifurcations [J]. Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids, 2008, 56(7): 2401–2421.
EVENSEN H T, JIANG H, GOTRIK K W, et al. Transformations in wrinkle patterns: Cooperation between nanoscale cross-linked surface layers and the submicrometer bulk in wafer-spun, plasma-treated polydimethylsiloxane [J]. Nano Letters, 2009, 9(8): 2884–2890.
LEE J H, RO H W, HUANG R, et al. Anisotropic, hierarchical surface patterns via surface wrinkling of nanopatterned polymer films [J]. Nano Letters, 2012, 12(11): 5995–5999.
LI R, YI H, HU X, et al. Generation of diffraction-free optical beams using wrinkled membranes [J]. Scientific Reports, 2013, 3: 2775.
KIM J B, KIM P, PÉGARD N C, et al. Wrinkles and deep folds as photonic structures in photovoltaics [J]. Nature Photonics, 2012, 6(5): 327–332.
KOO W H, JEONG S M, ARAOKA F, et al. Light extraction from organic light-emitting diodes enhanced by spontaneously formed buckles [J]. Nature Photonics, 2010, 4(4): 222–226.
YU Z, RAMAN A, FAN S. Nanophotonic lighttrapping theory for solar cells [J]. Applied Physics A, 2011, 105(2): 329–339.
CHUA D B H, NG H T, LI S F Y. Spontaneous formation of complex and ordered structures on oxygenplasma-treated elastomeric polydimethylsiloxane [J]. Applied Physics Letters, 2000, 76(6): 721–723.
LIN P C, YANG S. Spontaneous formation of onedimensional ripples in transit to highly ordered twodimensional herringbone structures through sequential and unequal biaxial mechanical stretching [J]. Applied Physics Letters, 2007, 90(24): 241903.
YOUN H, PARK H J, GUO L J. Organic photovoltaic cells: From performance improvement to manufacturing processes [J]. Small, 2015, 11(19): 2228–2246.
CIOAREC C, MELPIGNANO P, GHERARDI N, et al. Ultra smooth silver thin film electrodes with high polar liquid wettability for OLED microcavity application [J]. Langmuir, 2011, 27(7): 3611–3617.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Foundation item: the National High Technology Research and Development Program (863) of China (No. 2011AA050518), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 61275168), and the SJTUUM Joint Research Fund
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ji, Q., Zhang, C., Qi, X. et al. Enhancing the Efficiencies of Organic Photovoltaic and Organic Light-Emitting Diode Devices by Regular Nano-Wrinkle Patterns. J. Shanghai Jiaotong Univ. (Sci.) 23, 45–51 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12204-018-1908-y
Received:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12204-018-1908-y