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Graphene-based all-optical modulators

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Abstract

All-optical devices, which are utilized to process optical signals without electro-optical conversion, play an essential role in the next generation ultrafast, ultralow power-consumption optical information processing systems. To satisfy the performance requirement, nonlinear optical materials that are associated with fast response, high nonlinearity, broad wavelength operation, low optical loss, low fabrication cost, and integration compatibility with optical components are required. Graphene is a promising candidate, particularly considering its electrically or optically tunable optical properties, ultrafast large nonlinearity, and high integration compatibility with various nanostructures. Thus far, three all-optical modulation systems utilize graphene, namely free-space modulators, fiber-based modulators, and on-chip modulators. This paper aims to provide a broad view of state-of-the-art researches on the graphene-based all-optical modulation systems. The performances of different devices are reviewed and compared to present a comprehensive analysis and perspective of graphene-based all-optical modulation devices.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 91950204 and 61975179), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2019YFB2203002), and Shanghai Sailing Program (No. 19YF1435400).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Electronics and Smart System of Zhejiang Province, College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China

    Chuyu Zhong & Hongtao Lin

  2. School of Microelectronics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310027, China

    Chuyu Zhong & Hongtao Lin

  3. College of Optical-Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200093, China

    Junying Li

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  1. Chuyu Zhong
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Correspondence to Hongtao Lin.

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Chuyu Zhong is a post-doctor at College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China. He received his B.S. degree in Theoretical Physics from Wuhan University, Wuhan, China, in 2013, and Ph.D. degree from Changchun Institute of Optics, Fine Mechanics and Physics, Changchun, China, in 2018. Dr. Zhong had made his contribution to the research of vertical-cavity surface-emitting laser (VCSEL). His current research interests are focused on silicon photonics and chalcogenide integrated nanophotonics, and their applications include mid-infrared modulation and graphene-based optoelectronics.

Junying Li is a postdoctoral fellow at College of Optical-electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Shanghai for Science and Technology, Shanghai, China. She received her B.S. degree in Optoelectronic Engineering in 2013, and Ph.D. degree in Optical Engineering in 2018, both from Chongqing University, Chongqing, China. Dr. Li’s research focuses on chalcogenide phase change materials, chalcogenide integrated photonics, and surface-enhanced Raman scattering. She has authored and co-authored more than 20 journal publications, including publications in Nature Communication, Carbon, etc.

Hongtao Lin is an Assistant Professor at College of Information Science and Electronic Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hang-zhou, China. He received his B.S. degree in Materials Physics from University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China, in 2010, and Ph.D. degree in Materials Science from University of Delaware, Newark, DE, USA, in 2015. His research interests are focused on chalcogenide integrated nanophotonics and their applications for mid-infrared sensing/communication, flexible and wearable photonics, two-dimensional materials optoelectronics.

Dr. Lin has authored and co-authored more than 40 referred journal publications and more than 30 conference proceedings, including publications in Nature Photonics, Nature Communication, Optica, etc. His works had been selected to be included in “Optics in 2014” and “Optics in 2018” by OSA’s Optic & Photonics News.

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Zhong, C., Li, J. & Lin, H. Graphene-based all-optical modulators. Front. Optoelectron. 13, 114–128 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12200-020-1020-4

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