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Clonal dynamics in a case of acute monoblastic leukemia that later developed myeloproliferative neoplasm

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Abstract

In acute myeloid leukemia (AML), patients may harbor pre-leukemic hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) containing some, but not all, of the mutations observed in the leukemic cells. These pre-leukemic HSCs may survive induction chemotherapy and contribute to AML relapse by obtaining additional mutations. We report here an acute monoblastic leukemia (AMoL) patient who later developed an unclassifiable myeloproliferative neoplasm (MPN-U). Whole-exome sequencing and cluster analysis demonstrated the presence of three distinct major clones during the clinical course: (1) an AMoL clone with ASXL1, CBL, and NPM1 somatic mutations, likely associated with the pathogenesis, and GATA2, SRSF2, and TET2 mutations, (2) an AMoL remission clone, with mutated GATA2, SRSF2, and TET2 only (possibly the founding clone (pre-leukemic HSC) that survived chemotherapy), (3) a small subclone which had JAK2 mutation during the AMoL remission, appearing at MPN-U manifestation with additional mutations. These findings suggest that pre-leukemic HSCs in AML patients may give rise to non-AML myeloid malignancies. This is the first report to analyze the clonal evolution from AMoL to MPN-U, which may provide new insight into the development of myeloid malignancies.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Ms. N. Shirahama, Ms Y. Urakami, and Ms. C. Hayashida for their assistance.

Funding

This work was supported in part by grant from the Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare (No. 26271301), Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of Japan (No. 26461426) and the Program of the Network-type Joint Usage/Research Centre for Radiation Disaster Medical Science.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Hematology, Nagasaki University Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan

    Shinya Sato, Hidehiro Itonaga, Yasushi Sawayama, Tomoko Hata & Yasushi Miyazaki

  2. Department of Hematology, Sasebo City General Hospital, Sasebo, Japan

    Masataka Taguchi & Yukiyoshi Moriuchi

  3. Department of Hematology, Goto Central Hospital, Goto, Japan

    Daisuke Imanishi

  4. Department of Hematology, Nagasaki Harbor Medical Center City Hospital, Nagasaki, Japan

    Hideki Tsushima

  5. Department of Human Genetics, Atomic Bomb Disease Insutitute, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan

    Hiroyuki Mishima, Akira Kinoshita & Koh-ichiro Yoshiura

  6. Department of Hematology, Atomic Bomb Disease Institute, Nagasaki University, 1-12-4 Sakamoto, Nagasaki, 852-8523, Japan

    Yasushi Miyazaki

Authors
  1. Shinya Sato
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  2. Hidehiro Itonaga
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  3. Masataka Taguchi
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  4. Yasushi Sawayama
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  7. Tomoko Hata
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  8. Yukiyoshi Moriuchi
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  9. Hiroyuki Mishima
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  10. Akira Kinoshita
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  11. Koh-ichiro Yoshiura
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  12. Yasushi Miyazaki
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Contributions

S.S., H.I., K.Y. and Ya.M. designed the research; S.S., H.I., M.T., H.M. and A.K. performed genome analysis under the supervision of K.Y.; S.S., H.I., M.T., Y.S., D.I., H.T., T.H., Yu.M. and Ya.M. made diagnoses and analyzed clinical data; S.S., H.I., M.T., H.T., H.M. and Ya.M. wrote the paper; and all reviewed the manuscript. H.I. and M.T. contributed equally to this study.

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Yasushi Miyazaki.

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The authors declare no competing financial interests.

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Sato, S., Itonaga, H., Taguchi, M. et al. Clonal dynamics in a case of acute monoblastic leukemia that later developed myeloproliferative neoplasm. Int J Hematol 108, 213–217 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12185-018-2419-1

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12185-018-2419-1

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