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Clinico-etiological Profile and Developmental Status of Infants Aged 1–24 months with Epilepsy

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Abstract

Objective

To study the clinico-etiological profile of epilepsy in children aged 1–24 mo attending a tertiary-care public hospital.

Methods

All infants aged 1–24 mo with epilepsy (as per International League Against Epilepsy, 2014) presenting between April 2016 and March 2017 were enrolled. Detailed history and examination were done in all children, and developmental assessment was done using Developmental Assessment Scale for Indian Infants (DASII). Electroencephalography and neuroimaging (CT/MRI) were done for all subjects.

Results

Sixty children (39 males) were consecutively enrolled after informed written consent. The mean (SD) age at seizure onset was 4.3 (4.14) mo. Perinatal asphyxia (45%) and malformations of cortical development (18.3%) were the commonest etiologies. Neurological examination was abnormal in 68.3%, and a neuroimaging abnormality was present in 76% of children. Fifteen patients (25%) had West syndrome, which was symptomatic in the majority (73.3%). Developmental delay (DQ < 70) was the commonest co-morbidity (81.7%); 28.3% had profound delay. Odds of having developmental delay were 13-times higher in those with an abnormal neurological examination [OR 13.5 (2.82–64.67), P = 0.001], and nearly 9-times higher with abnormal neuroimaging [OR 8.9 (2.11–37.9), P = 0.003].

Conclusions

Epilepsy in children <2 y is symptomatic in the majority, with sequelae of birth asphyxia as the commonest etiology. High prevalence of co-morbid developmental delay underscores the need for routine evaluation and early intervention in all high-risk infants.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to Dr. Sapna Singh, Professor, Department of Radiodiagnosis, for her help in reporting on the study investigations.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pediatrics, Lok Nayak Hospital and Maulana Azad Medical College (University of Delhi), 2, Bahadur Shah Zafar Marg, New Delhi, 110 002, India

    Pankaj Kumar Sahu, Devendra Mishra, Monica Juneja & Kushagra Taneja

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  1. Pankaj Kumar Sahu
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  2. Devendra Mishra
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  3. Monica Juneja
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  4. Kushagra Taneja
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Contributions

PKS, DM, MJ, KT: Study planning; PKS, DM: Subject assessment and evaluation; DM, KT: Statistical analysis; PKS, KT, DM: Manuscript writing. All authors made important intellectual contribution to study planning, data analysis, and manuscript writing. All authors approved the final manuscript. DM would be the guarantor.

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Correspondence to Kushagra Taneja.

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Sahu, P.K., Mishra, D., Juneja, M. et al. Clinico-etiological Profile and Developmental Status of Infants Aged 1–24 months with Epilepsy. Indian J Pediatr 86, 681–685 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-019-02943-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12098-019-02943-2

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