Abstract
This paper presents the simultaneous optimization of the depths of the horizontal roof overhangs for the design of a residential summer house for house operation during summer season in Belgrade, Serbia. The overhangs facing south, east, and west are made by using reinforced concrete. The two objective functions are used such as (1) minimizing the sum of the primary operative energy consumption during the overhang life cycle and the embodied energy in the roof overhangs and (2) maximizing the ratio of the annual primary operating energy saving and the annualized embodied energy of the applied roof overhangs. For the optimization, the Hooke-Jeeves method is used, and the EnergyPlus software is used to simulate energy behavior of the house. The research showed that two different optimizations gave different results. However, if the house is not used during the same time for which the overhangs are optimized, there is a slight increase in primary energy consumption, although the operative energy consumption may be lower.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Ahrens, C. D. (2006). Meteorology today. An introduction to weather, climate, and the environment. Eighth Edition. Thompson, Brooks/Cole. United States. 537 pp. ISBN: 0495011622. http://www.eoearth.org/article/Albedo?topic=54300.
Aldawoud, A. (2013). Conventional fixed shading devices in comparison to an electrochromic glazing system in hot dry climate. Energy and Buildings, 59, 104–110.
Bellia, L., De Falco, F., & Minichiello, F. (2013). Effects of solar shading devices on energy requirements of standalone office buildings for Italian climates. Applied Thermal Engineering, 54(1), 190–201.
Bogner, M. (2002). Technical regulations about heating, cooling and air conditioning (in Serbian). Belgrade: SMEITS.
Cabeza, L., Barreneche, C., Miro, L., Martınez, M., Fernandez, A., & Urge-Vorsatz, D. (2013). Affordable construction towards sustainable buildings: review on embodied energy in building materials. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability, 5, 229–236.
Crawley, D., Lawrie, L., Pedersen, C., & Winkelmann, F. (2000). EnergyPlus: energy simulation program. ASHRAE Journal Online, 42, 49–56.
Delonghi, (2012). Delonghi product specification, http://www.delonghi.com/sr-RS/proizvodi/udobnost/klima-uredaji/inverter-zidne-klime/planos-plsi-130-ar-dc-0173621246/?TabSegment=specifikacije, (retrieved May 2012).
Ebrahimpour, A., & Maerefat, M. (2011). Application of advanced glazing and overhangs in residential buildings. Energy Conversion and Management, 52, 212–219.
Energy balance for Serbia, (2008). http://www.ssllink.com/mre/cms/mestoZaUploadFajlove/ENERGETSKIBILANSPLANZA2008.pdf, retrieved May 2011.
Gaisma, (2012). http://www.gaisma.com/en/location/belgrade.html, (retrieved Mart 4 2012).
Hammond G., & Jones C., (2011). Inventory of Carbon & Energy (ICE) Version 2.0, Sustainable Energy Research Team (SERT), Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Bath UK, http://www.naturalstonespecialist.com/documents/ICEV2.0-Jan2011.xls, retrieved May 2012.
Hernandez, P., & Kenny, P. (2010). From net energy to zero energy buildings: defining life cycle zero energy buildings (LC-ZEB). Energy and Buildings, 42, 815–821.
Hooke, R., & Jeeves, T. (1961). Direct search solution of numerical and statistical problems. Journal of the Association for Computing Machinery, 8, 212–229.
Huang, Y., Niu, J., & Chung, T. (2012). Energy and carbon emission payback analysis for energy-efficient retrofitting in buildings—overhang shading option. Energy and Buildings, 44, 94–103.
Kumar, D., Fernández-Solís, L., Lavy, S., & Culp, C. (2010). Identification of parameters for embodied energy measurement. Energy and Buildings, 42, 1238–1247.
Kim, G., Lim, H., Lim, T., Schaefer, L., & Kim, J. (2012). Comparative advantage of an exterior shading device in thermal performance for residential buildings. Energy and Buildings, 46, 105–111.
Lee, E., & Tavil, A. (2007). Energy and visual comfort performance of electrochromic windows with overhangs. Building and Environment, 42, 2439–2449.
Raeissi, S., & Taheri, M. (1998). Optimum overhang dimensions for energy saving. Building and Environment, 33(5), 293–302.
Sciuto S., (1994). Model development subgroup report, vol. 2 solar control, Conphoebus S.C. r.I., Catania, Italy.
Skias I., & Kolokotsa D., (2007), Contribution of shading in improving the energy performance of buildings, 2nd PALENC Conference and 28th AIVC Conference on Building Low Energy Cooling and Advanced Ventilation Technologies in the 21st Century, September, Crete Island, Greece.
Wetter M., (2004). Simulation-based building energy optimization, Phd. Degree dissertation, University of California, Berkeley, Wetter, M., 2004. GenOpt, Generic Optimization Program. User Manual, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Technical Report LBNL- 54199, pp. 109.
Xinzhi, G., Yasunori, A., & Daisuke, S. (2012). Optimization of passive design measures for residential buildings in different Chinese areas. Building and Environment, 58, 46–57.
Acknowledgments
This paper is a result of three project activities as follows: (1) project TR33015, (2) project III 42006, and (3) KNEP-Kragujevac. The first project and second project are financed by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia. The third project is financed by the Centre for Science of Serbian Academy of Science at University of Kragujevac and the University of Kragujevac. We would like to thank these institutions for their financial support during these investigations.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Bojić, M., Cvetković, D. & Bojić, L. Optimization of geometry of horizontal roof overhangs during a summer season. Energy Efficiency 10, 41–54 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12053-016-9438-7
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12053-016-9438-7