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The Constitutive Expression of a Chrysanthemum ERF Transcription Factor Influences Flowering Time in Arabidopsis thaliana

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Abstract

AP2/ERF transcription factors (TFs) represent valuable targets for the genetic manipulation of crop plants, as they participate in the control of metabolism, growth and development, as well as in the plants’ response to environmental stimuli. Here, an ERF TF encoded by the chrysanthemum (Chrysanthemum morifolium) genome, designated CmERF110, was cloned and functionally characterized. The predicted CmERF110 polypeptide included a conserved DNA-binding AP2/ERF domain. A transient expression experiment revealed that the protein was deposited in the nucleus, and a transactivation experiment in yeast suggested that it had no transcriptional activity. The gene was transcribed in the chrysanthemum root, stem and leaf, with its transcript level following a circadian rhythm under both long and short days. The effect of constitutively expressing the gene in Arabidopsis thaliana was to accelerate flowering. Transcriptional profiling implied that its effect on floral initiation operated through the photoperiod pathway.

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Abbreviations

AP1:

Apetala1

AP2:

Apetala2

AP2/ERF:

Apetala2/ethylene responsive factor

AP2/ERFs:

Apetala2/ethylene-responsive element-binding factors

CO:

Constans

COL1:

Constans-Like 1

DREB:

Dehydration responsive element-binding

ERF:

Ethylene-responsive factor

EREBPs:

Ethylene-responsive element-binding proteins

FT:

Flowering locus T

FUL:

Fruitfull

FYF:

Forever young flower

LFY:

Leafy

RAV:

Related to ABI3/VP1

SOC1:

Suppressor of over-expression of CO 1

SPL:

Squamosa promoter binding like

SVP:

Short vegetative phase

WT:

Wild type

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by funding from the Independent Innovation of Agricultural Sciences in Jiangsu Province CX(16)1025 and the Seed Industry Development Project of Shanghai.

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  1. Key Laboratory of Landscape Agriculture, College of Horticulture, Ministry of Agriculture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Weigang No. 1, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, Republic of China

    Xiaojuan Xing, Jiafu Jiang, Yaoyao Huang, Zixin Zhang, Aiping Song, Lian Ding, Haibing Wang, Sumei Chen, Fadi Chen & Weimin Fang

  2. Shanghai Honghua Horticulture Co. Ltd., Shanghai, 200070, China

    Jianjun Yao

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  1. Xiaojuan Xing
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Xing, X., Jiang, J., Huang, Y. et al. The Constitutive Expression of a Chrysanthemum ERF Transcription Factor Influences Flowering Time in Arabidopsis thaliana. Mol Biotechnol 61, 20–31 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12033-018-0134-z

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