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The Impact of Five VDR Polymorphisms on Multiple Sclerosis Risk and Progression: a Case-Control and Genotype-Phenotype Study

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Abstract

Vitamin D receptor polymorphisms have been the target of many studies focusing on multiple sclerosis. However, previously reported results have been inconclusive. The objective of this study was to investigate the association between five vitamin D receptor polymorphisms (EcoRV, FokI, ApaI, TaqI, and BsmI) and multiple sclerosis susceptibility and its course. The study was carried out as a case-control and genotype-phenotype study, consisted of 296 Czech multiple sclerosis patients and 135 healthy controls. Genotyping was carried out using polymerase chain reaction and restriction analysis. In multiple sclerosis men, allele and/or genotype distributions differed in EcoRV, TaqI, BsmI, and ApaI polymorphisms as compared to controls (EcoRV, pa = 0.02; Taq, pg = 0.02, pa = 0.02; BsmI, pg = 0.02, pa = 0.04; ApaI, pg = 0.008, pa = 0.005). In multiple sclerosis women, differences in the frequency of alleles and genotypes were found to be significant in ApaI (controls vs multiple sclerosis women: pg = 0.01, pa = 0.05). Conclusive results were observed between multiple sclerosis women in the case of EcoRV [differences in Expanded Disability Status Scale (p = 0.05); CT genotype was found to increase the risk of primary progressive multiple sclerosis 5.5 times (CT vs CC+TT pcorr = 0.01, sensitivity 0.833, specificity 0.525, power test 0.823)] and FokI [borderline difference in Multiple Sclerosis Severity Score (p = 0.05)]. Our results indicate that the distribution of investigated vitamin D receptor polymorphisms is a risk factor for multiple sclerosis susceptibility and progression in the Czech population. The association between disease risk and polymorphisms was found to be stronger in men. The association of disease progression with polymorphisms was observed only in women.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank the laboratory personnel of the Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Brno, and the employees of the Department of Neurology, University Hospital Brno, for their help. The authors would also like to thank all patients and controls for participating in the study.

Funding

This publication was written at Masaryk University as part of the project “Experimentální molekulární patofyziologie vybraných komplexních chorob/stavů”, No. 1549/2014 and “Genetická a epigenetická patofyziologie vybraných stavů”, No. 1426/2015 with the support of the Specific University Research Grant, as provided by the Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic in 2015 and 2016.

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  1. Department of Pathological Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Kamenice 5, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic

    Pavel Křenek, Julie Bienertová-Vašků & Anna Vašků

  2. Department of Neurology, University Hospital Brno and Faculty of Medicine, Masaryk University, Jihlavská 20, 625 00, Brno, Czech Republic

    Yvonne Benešová

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  1. Pavel Křenek
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Correspondence to Yvonne Benešová.

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The study was approved by the Ethics Committee of University Hospital Brno and all procedures were performed in accordance with the Helsinki Declaration as revised in 2013. Written informed consent was obtained from all study participants.

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Křenek, P., Benešová, Y., Bienertová-Vašků, J. et al. The Impact of Five VDR Polymorphisms on Multiple Sclerosis Risk and Progression: a Case-Control and Genotype-Phenotype Study. J Mol Neurosci 64, 559–566 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12031-018-1034-1

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