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Maternal soybean diet during lactation alters breast milk composition and programs the lipid profile in adult male rat offspring

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Abstract

Purpose

To evaluate the effects of maternal dietary soybean during lactation on the milk composition, body composition, lipid profile and glucose homeostasis of dams and offspring at weaning (21 days) and adulthood (150 days).

Methods

Lactating rats were divided into: casein control (C): casein diet; soy (S): soybean diet; soy oil control (SOC): casein diet, but with fat content similar to the S group.

Results

At 21 days, S mothers showed lower estradiol, total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL) and triglycerides (TG) in serum; and lower TC and TG in milk. The S offspring had lower body weight, body fat mass, TC, LDL, hyperleptinemia and hypertriglyceridemia. At 150 days, S offspring presented higher total mineral content and lower TC (v. SOC) and LDL (v. C and SOC), and hyperinsulinemia with lower glycemia v. SOC group, which had lower insulinemia with higher glycemia, TC and LDL.

Conclusions

Maternal intake of soybeans in lactation changes the lipid content of breast milk and programmed offspring for phenotype of the lower metabolic risk, with lower serum TC and LDL, and seems to protect the progeny of alterations in glucose metabolism despite the higher lipid content. The difference in fat content of breast milk and the higher isoflavones content of soy diet are possible imprinting factors that could program the offspring.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are grateful to Ms Leandra Natália de Oliveira and Mr João Pablo Fortes Pereira for technical assistance.

Funding

This research was supported by National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico - CNPq) (Process number: 476867/2011-8), the Federal University of Juiz de Fora (UFJF) and Federal University of Ouro Preto (UFOP) (A. M. V. was a recipient of a UFOP fellowship, and P. G. B. and M. S. were recipient of a UFJF fellowship).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Nutrition, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil

    Adriana Moura Vieira, Poliana Guiomar de Almeida Brasiel, Maíra Schuchter Ferreira, Kacia Mateus, Paulo Henrique Fonseca da Silva, Sheila Cristina Potente Luquetti Dutra & Aline Silva de Aguiar

  2. Department of Physiological Sciences, State University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil

    Mariana Sarto Figueiredo, Patrícia Cristina Lisboa & Egberto Gaspar de Moura

  3. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil

    José Otavio do Amaral Corrêa

  4. Embrapa Dairy Cattle of Juiz de Fora, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais, Brazil

    Fernando Cesar Ferraz Lopes

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  1. Adriana Moura Vieira
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  2. Poliana Guiomar de Almeida Brasiel
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Corresponding author

Correspondence to Sheila Cristina Potente Luquetti Dutra.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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The authors assert that all procedures contributing to this work comply with the ethical standards of the relevant national guides on the care and use of laboratory animals (Wistar rats) and have been approved by the institutional committee [Ethics Committee of the Federal University of Juiz de Fora at Minas Gerais, Brazil (protocol 018/2014)].

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Vieira, A.M., de Almeida Brasiel, P.G., Ferreira, M.S. et al. Maternal soybean diet during lactation alters breast milk composition and programs the lipid profile in adult male rat offspring. Endocrine 60, 272–281 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-018-1572-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12020-018-1572-x

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