Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Antioxidant Potential of Ulexite in Zebrafish Brain: Assessment of Oxidative DNA Damage, Apoptosis, and Response of Antioxidant Defense System

  • Published:
Biological Trace Element Research Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

In recent years, because of its significant biological roles, the usage of boron has been started in animal feeding. In this research, it was aimed to investigate the ulexite’s action mechanism on the zebrafish brain with an evaluation of the oxidative parameters. The adult zebrafish were exposed to four ulexite doses (5, 10, 20, and 40 mg/l) in a static test apparatus for 96 h. For assessing the oxidative responses, multiple biochemical analyses were performed in brain tissues. The results indicated the supporting potential of low ulexite doses on the antioxidant system (< 40 mg/l) and that low-dose ulexite does not lead to oxidative stress in the zebrafish brain. Again, our results showed that low ulexite concentrations did not cause DNA damage or apoptosis. As a final result, in aquatic environments, ulexite (a boron compound) can be used in a safe manner, but it would be useful at higher concentrations to consider the damages of the cells that are probable to develop because of the oxidative stress

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Gungoren SGOC (2012) Mikrodalga enerjisinin kolemanit ve üleksitin sudaki çözünürlüğüne etkisinin arastırılması. Istanbul J Earth Sci 22(1):85–93

    Google Scholar 

  2. Tekin G (2016) Kalsine uleksitin amonyum klorür çözeltileri içinde çözünürleştirilmesi kinetiği. J Balikesir Univ Inst Sci Technol 6(1):100–114

    Google Scholar 

  3. Kaykıoglu G (2016) Removal of methylene blue with colemanite and ulexite core waste: evaluation of kinetic and ısotherm. Celal Bayar Univ J Sci 12(3):499–509

    Google Scholar 

  4. Eskıbalcı MF, Isıktas OV (2017) Examination of the efficiencies of furnaces with different heating mechanisms in drying ulexite. Erzincan Univ J Sci Technol 10(1):11–22

    Google Scholar 

  5. Helvacı C (2003) Türkiye borat yatakları jeolojik konumu, ekonomik önemi ve bor politikası. J Balikesir Univ Inst Sci Technol 5(1):4–41

    Google Scholar 

  6. Gulensoy H, Kocakerim MM (1978) Uleksit mineralinin karbondioksitli sulardaki çözünürlüğü. MTA Derg (89):34-45

  7. Demirkıran N, Kunkul A (2007) Dissolution kinetics of ulexite in perchloric acid solutions. Int J Miner Process 83:76–80

    Google Scholar 

  8. Comba B, Oto G, Mis L, Özdemir H, Comba A (2016) Effects of borax on inflammation, haematological parameters and total oxidant-antioxidant status in rats applied 3–methylcholanthrene. Kafkas Univ Vet Fak Derg 22(4):539–544

    Google Scholar 

  9. Pawa S, Shakir A (2006) Boron ameliorates fulminant hepatic failure by counteracting the changes associated with the oxidative stress. Chem Biol Interact 160:89–98

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  10. Alak G, Parlak V, Aslan ME, Ucar A, Atamanalp M, Türkez H (2018) Borax supplementation alleviates hematotoxicity and DNA damage in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) exposed to copper. Biol Trace Elem Res 187(2):536–542

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  11. Alak G, Parlak V, Yeltekin AÇ, Ucar A, Çomaklı S, Topal A, Atamanalp M, Özkaraca M, Türkez H (2019) The protective effect exerted by dietary borax on toxicity metabolism in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) tissues. Comp Biochem Physiol C Toxicol Pharmacol 216:82–92

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  12. Alak G, Yeltekin AÇ, Ucar A, Parlak V, Türkez H, Atamanalp M (2019) Borax alleviates copper-induced renal injury via inhibiting the DNA damage and apoptosis in rainbow trout. Biol Trace Elem Res 191(2):495–501

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  13. Alak G, Parlak V, Aslan ME, Ucar A, Atamanalp M, Turkez H (2019) Borax supplementation alleviates hematotoxicity and DNA damage in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) exposed to copper. Biol Trace Elem Res 187(2):536–542

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  14. Halliwell B, Gutteridge JMC (1998) Free radicals in biology and medicine, 2nd edn. Clarendon Press, Oxford, pp 188–196

    Google Scholar 

  15. Çiftçi N (2017) The role of oxidative stress in cancer: could antioxidants fuel the progression of cancer? Ahi Evran Tıp Dergisi 1(1):8–13

    Google Scholar 

  16. Borek C, Ong A, Mason H, Donahue L, Biaglow JE (1986) Selenium and vitamin E inhibit radiogenic and chemically induced transformation in vitro via different mechanisms. Proc Natl Acad Sci 83:1490–1494

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  17. Schuyer M, Berns EM (1999) Is TP53 dysfunction required for BRCA1-associated carcinogenesis? Mol Cell Endocrinol 155:143–152

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  18. Uysal M (1998) Serbest radikaller, lipit peroksitleri ve organizmada prooksidan-antioksidan dengeyi etkileyen koşullar. Klinik Gelişim 2:336–341

    Google Scholar 

  19. Sezer K, Keskin M (2014) Role of the free oxygen radicals on the pathogenesis of the diseases. FÜ Sağ Bil Vet Dergisi 28(1):49–56

    Google Scholar 

  20. Eken A (2017) Rat kan ve doku örneklerinde oksidatif stres parametreleri. J Clin Anal Med

  21. Dincer Y, Kankaya S (2010) DNA hasarının belirlenmesinde comet assay. Turkiye Klinikleri J Med Sci 30(4):1365–1373

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Baydas G, Reiter RJ, Akbulut M, Tuzcu M, Tamer S (2005) Melatonin inhibits neural apoptosis induced by homocysteine in hippocampus of rats via inhibition of cytochrome C translocation and caspase-3 activation and by regulating pro-and anti-apoptotic protein levels. Neuroscience 135(3):879–886

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  23. Tomatır AG (2003) Apoptosıs: programmed cell death. T Klin J Med Sci 23(6):499–508

    Google Scholar 

  24. Rowe RI, Bouzan C, Nabili S, Eckhert CD (1998) The response of trout and zebrafish embryos to low and high boron concentrations is U-shaped. Biol Trace Elem Res 66(1-3):261–270

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  25. Alak G, Yeltekin AÇ, Tas IH, Ucar A, Parlak V, Topal A, Kocaman EM, Atamanalp M (2017) Investigation of 8-OHdG, CYP1A, HSP70 and transcriptional analyses of antioxidant defense system in liver tissues of rainbow trout exposed to eprinomectin. Fish Shellfish Immunol 65:136–144

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  26. Alak G, Ucar A, Parlak V, Yeltekin AÇ, Tas IH, Ölmez D, Kocaman EM, Yılgın M, Atamanalp M, Yanık T (2017) Assessment of 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine activity, gene expression and antioxidant enzyme activity on rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) tissue exposed to biopesticide. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part C: Toxicology & Pharmacology 203:51–58

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Bradford MM (1976) A rapid and sensitive method for the quantitation of microgram quantities of protein utilizing the principle of protein dye binding. Anal Biochem 72:248–254

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  28. Sun Y, Oberley LW, Li Y (1988) A simple method for clinical assay of superoxide dismutase. Clin Chem 34(3):497–500

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  29. Aebi H (1974) Catalase. In: Methods of enzymatic analysis. Academic Press, New York, Bergmeyer, HU, USA, p 673–678.

  30. Beutler E (1984) Red cell metabolism: a manual of biochemical methods, Second edn. Grune and Starton, New York

    Google Scholar 

  31. Bradley PP, Priebat DA, Christensen RD, Rothstein G (1982) Measurement of cutaneous inflammation: estimation of neutrophilcontent with an enzyme marker. J Invest Dermatol 78:206–209

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  32. Gülcü F, Gürsü MF (2003) The standardization of paraoxonase and arylesterase activity measurements. Turk J Biochem 28(2):45–49

    Google Scholar 

  33. Alak G, Ucar A, Çilingir Yeltekin A, Parlak V, Nardemir G, Kızılkaya M, Taş IH, Yılgın M, Atamanalp M, Topal A, Kocaman ME, Yanık T (2019) Neurophysiological responses in the brain tissues of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) treated with bio-pesticide. Drug Chem Toxicol 42(2):203–209

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  34. Alak G, Parlak V, Uçar A, Yeltekin AÇ, Ozgeris FB, Cağlar O, Atamanalp M, Türkez H (2020) Oxidative and DNA damage potential of colemanite on zebrafish: brain, liver and blood. Turk J Fish Aquat Sci 20(8):593–602

    Google Scholar 

  35. Türkez H, Geyikoǧlu F, Tatar A, Keleş S, Özkan A (2007) Effects of some boron compounds on peripheral human blood. Z Naturforsch C 62(11-12):889–896

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  36. Geyikoğlu F, Türkez H (2008) Boron compounds reduce vanadium tetraoxide genotoxicity in human lymphocytes. Environ Toxicol Pharmacol 26:342–347

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  37. Nielsen FH (1994) Biochemical and physiologic consequences of boron deprivation in humans. Environ Health Perspect 102:59–63

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  38. Hunt DC (1998) Regulation of enzymatic activity, one possible role of dietary boron in higher animals and humans. Biol Trace Elem Res 66:205–225

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  39. Mohora M, Boghianu L, Muscurel C, Dute C, Dumitrache C (2002) Effect of boric acid redox status in the rat livers. Rom J Biophys 12(3–4):77–82

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Sogut I, Oglakci A, Kartkaya K, Ol KK, Sogut MS, Kanbak G, Inal ME (2015) Effect of boric acid on oxidative stress in rats with fetal alcohol syndrome. Exp Ther Med 9(3):1023–1027

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  41. Caner C, Vural Özeç A, Aydın H, Topalkara A, Arıcı MK, Erdoğan H, Toker Mİ (2012) Comparison of total oxidative stress, total antioxidant capacity, and paraoxonase, arylesterase, and lipid peroxidase levels in aqueous humor and serum of diabetic and non-diabetic patients with cataract. TJO 42:1

    Google Scholar 

  42. Draganov DI, LaDu NB (2004) Pharmacogenetics of paraoxonases: a brief review. Naunyn Schmiedeberg's Arch Pharmacol 369(1):78–88

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Al-Saleh IA, Al-Doush I (1997) Selenium levels in wheat grains grown in Saudi Arabia. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 59:590–594

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  44. Kang DH (2002) Oxidative stress, DNA damage, and breast cancer. AACN Clin Issues 13:540–549

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  45. Abdel Salam OME, El-Shamarka ME, Omara EA (2018) Brain oxidative stress and neurodegeneration in the ketamine model of schizophrenia during antipsychotic treatment: effects of N-Acetyl cysteine treatment. Reactive Oxygen Species J 6(16):253–266

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Ozdulger A, Cinel I, Koksel O, Cinel L, Avlan D, Unlu A, Okcu H, Dikmengil M, Oral U (2003) The protective effect of N-acetylcysteine on apoptotic lung injury in cecal ligation and puncture-induced sepsis model. Shock. 19(4):366–372

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  47. Prıce TA, Uras F, Banks WA, Ercal N (2006) A novel antioxidant N-acetylcysteine amide prevents gp120- and Tat-induced oxidative stress in brain endothelial cells. Exp Neurol 201:193–202

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  48. Jasna JM, Anandbabu K, Bharathi SR, Angayarkanni N (2014) Paraoxonase enzyme protects retinal pigment epithelium from chlorpyrifos insult. PLoS One 9(6):e101380

    PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  49. Frank L, Massaro D (1980) Oxygen toxicity. Am J Med 69(1):117–126

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  50. Freeman BA, Crapo JD (1982) Biology of disease: free radicals and tissue injury. Lab Investig 47:412–426

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  51. Niki E, Yoshida Y, Saito Y, Noguchi N (2005) Lipid peroxidation: mechanisms, inhibition, and biological effects. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 338:668–676

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  52. Deckbar D, Jeggo PA, Löbrich M (2011) Understanding the limitations of radiation-induced cell cycle checkpoints. Crit Rev Biochem Mol Biol 46(4):271–283

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  53. Strasser A, Harris AW, Huang DC, Krammer PH, Cory S (1995) Bcl-2 and Fas/APO-1 regulate distinct pathways to lymphocyte apoptosis. EMBO J 14(24):6136–6147

    CAS  PubMed  PubMed Central  Google Scholar 

  54. Hazman Ö, Bozkurt MF, Fidan AF, Uysal FE, Çelik S (2018) The effect of boric acid and borax on oxidative stress, inflammation, ER stress and apoptosis in cisplatin Toxication and nephrotoxicity developing as a result of toxication. Inflammation 41(3):1032–1048

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  55. Yazıcı S, Aksit H, Korkut O, Sunay B, Çelik T (2014) Effects of boric acid and 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate on necrotizing enterocolitis. Gastroenterology 58(1):61–67

    Google Scholar 

  56. Khaliq H, Jing W, Ke X, Ke-Li Y, Peng-Peng S, Cui L, Wei-Wei Q, Zhixin L, Hua-Zhen L, Hui S, Ju-Ming Z, Ke-Mei P (2018) Boron affects the development of the kidney through modulation of apoptosis, antioxidant capacity, and nrf2 pathway in the African ostrich chicks. Biol Trace Elem Res 186:226–237

    CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Aquaculture, Faculty of Fisheries, Atatürk University, TR-25030, Erzurum, Turkey

    Gonca Alak, Arzu Ucar, Veysel Parlak & Muhammed Atamanalp

  2. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Yuzuncu Yıl, TR-65080, Van, Turkey

    Aslı Çilingir Yeltekin

  3. Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Atatürk University, TR-25030, Erzurum, Turkey

    Fatma Betül Özgeriş

  4. Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk University, TR-25240, Erzurum, Turkey

    Hasan Türkez

Authors
  1. Gonca Alak
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Arzu Ucar
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Veysel Parlak
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Aslı Çilingir Yeltekin
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Fatma Betül Özgeriş
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  6. Muhammed Atamanalp
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  7. Hasan Türkez
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Gonca Alak or Muhammed Atamanalp.

Ethics declarations

This study was conducted in agreement with the precepts of Atatürk University Animal Experimental and Ethical Committee number with 75296309-050.01.04-E.2000066104. The study was approved by the committee in Erzurum, Turkey.

Conflict of Interest

The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Additional information

Publisher’s Note

Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Alak, G., Ucar, A., Parlak, V. et al. Antioxidant Potential of Ulexite in Zebrafish Brain: Assessment of Oxidative DNA Damage, Apoptosis, and Response of Antioxidant Defense System. Biol Trace Elem Res 199, 1092–1099 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-020-02231-7

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12011-020-02231-7

Keywords

Search

Navigation