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Potential of Mangrove-Associated Endophytic Fungi for Production of Carbohydrolases with High Saccharification Efficiency

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Abstract

The endophytic fungi represent a potential source of microorganisms for enzyme production. However, there have been only few studies exploiting their potential for the production of enzymes of industrial interest, such as the (hemi)cellulolytic enzymatic cocktail required in the hydrolysis of lignocellulosic biomass. Here, a collection of endophytic fungi isolated from mangrove tropical forests was evaluated for the production of carbohydrolases and performance on the hydrolysis of cellulose. For that, 41 endophytic strains were initially screened using a plate assay containing crystalline cellulose as the sole carbon source and the selected strains were cultivated under solid-state fermentation for endoglucanase, β-glucosidase, and xylanase enzyme quantification. The hydrolysis of a cellulosic material with the enzymes from endophytic strains of the Aspergillus genus resulted in glucose and conversion values more than twofold higher than the reference strains (Aspergillus niger F12 and Trichoderma reesei Rut-C30). Particularly, the enzymes from strains A. niger 56 (3) and A. awamori 82 (4) showed a distinguished saccharification performance, reaching cellulose conversion values of about 35% after 24 h. Linking hydrolysis performance to the screening steps played an important role towards finding potential fungal strains for producing enzymatic cocktails with high saccharification efficiency. These results indicate the potential of mangrove-associated endophytic fungi for production of carbohydrolases with efficient performance in the hydrolysis of biomass, thus contributing to the implementation of future biorefineries.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to thank Embrapa, CNPq (Process 401182/2014-2), CAPES, and FAPESP (Process 2004/13910-6, 2006/57060-1, 2014/19000-3, and 2016/10636-8) (all from Brazil) for their financial support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Embrapa Instrumentation, Rua XV de Novembro 1452, São Carlos, São Paulo, 13561-206, Brazil

    M. M. C. Maroldi, V. M. Vasconcellos & C. S. Farinas

  2. Center of Biological Sciences and Health, Federal University of São Carlos, PO Box 676, São Carlos, São Paulo, 13565-905, Brazil

    M. M. C. Maroldi & P. T. Lacava

  3. Graduate Program of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of São Carlos, PO Box 676, São Carlos, São Paulo, 13565-905, Brazil

    V. M. Vasconcellos & C. S. Farinas

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  1. M. M. C. Maroldi
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Correspondence to C. S. Farinas.

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Maroldi, M.M.C., Vasconcellos, V.M., Lacava, P.T. et al. Potential of Mangrove-Associated Endophytic Fungi for Production of Carbohydrolases with High Saccharification Efficiency. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 184, 806–820 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-017-2590-5

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