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Metabolite and Mechanistic Basis of Antifungal Property Exhibited by Endophytic Bacillus amyloliquefaciens BmB 1

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Abstract

Plants are ubiquitously colonized by endophytic microorganisms which contribute significantly to plant health through production of plant growth regulators or disease suppression. In the present study, an endophytic bacterial isolate designated as BmB 1 with significant antifungal and plant growth promoting properties was isolated from the stem tissue of Bacopa monnieri (L.) Pennell. The isolate was studied in detail for the molecular and chemical basis of its bioactivity which proved it to have the presence of surfactin, iturin, and type I polyketide synthase (PKS) genes. For the analysis of the chemical basis of antifungal property, extract of the isolate was initially checked for its activity on test pathogens and LC-MS/MS based analysis further confirmed the presence of bacillomycin (m/z (M+H+) 1031.8) and surfactin (m/z (M+H+) 1008.6 and 1022.6) in the extract prepared. The light microscopic and SEM analysis of the treated and untreated mycelia of the pathogens clearly revealed the hypal destruction caused by the compounds produced by the selected isolate. This confirms the ability of the organism to directly inhibit the growth of the tested pathogens. The GC-MS analysis also confirmed the isolate to have the presence of volatile compounds with the expected role to induce induced systemic resistance (ISR) of the plant. Because of the multitargeted antifungal property, the isolate which was identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens can have potential biocontrol applications.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Government of India under DBT-RGYI and DBT-MSUB support scheme (BT/PR4800/INF/22/152/2012 Dtd 23.03.2012) and Kerala State Council Science Technology and Environment (KSCSTE) under KSCSTE-SARD Programme. The authors also acknowledge Prof. C. T. Aravindakumar, Hon. Director and Mr. Dineep D., Scientific Assistant of the Inter-University Instrumentation Centre, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam for the help and support for the LC-MS/MS analysis.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, PD Hills (PO), Kottayam, Kerala, India, 686 560

    B. Jasim, Rosemin Benny, Rohini Sabu, Jyothis Mathew & E. K. Radhakrishnan

  2. Inter University Instrumentation Centre, Mahatma Gandhi University, PD Hills (PO), Kottayam, Kerala, India, 686 560

    E. K. Radhakrishnan

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  1. B. Jasim
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  2. Rosemin Benny
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  3. Rohini Sabu
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  4. Jyothis Mathew
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  5. E. K. Radhakrishnan
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Correspondence to E. K. Radhakrishnan.

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We have not used any animal models for the experiments and thus do not require ethical committee clearance.

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Jasim, B., Benny, R., Sabu, R. et al. Metabolite and Mechanistic Basis of Antifungal Property Exhibited by Endophytic Bacillus amyloliquefaciens BmB 1. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 179, 830–845 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-016-2034-7

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