Abstract
Bacterial strain Vibrio sp. (PIGB 184) isolated from water samples of the Arabian Sea and identified through 16S rRNA demonstrated the production of pigmentary antioxidants with higher ABTS activities 90.9 ± 0.42 % in comparison with the standard commercial pigmented antioxidant, quercetin 88.8 ± 1.4 %. Antioxidative metabolites of this strain substantially inhibit the lipid peroxidation (LPO) reactions tested in sheep liver and brain. The antioxidant compounds produced by the Vibrio sp. (PIGB 184), analysed by GC-MS, reveals that it is composed mostly of phenol, 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl) and pyrrolo[1,2-a]pyrazine-1,4-dione,hexahydro-3-(2-methylpropyl). The interrelationship assessed between LPO and the phenolic compounds showed significant correlation with anti-LPO properties (R 2 = 0.9698 to 0.9861). These compounds are responsible for obstruction of harmful radical associated biochemical reactions in biological systems. Pigmented metabolites also tested for attributive biological properties against pathogenic bacteria showed prominent inhibition towards Gram-positive organisms (31.25 to 62.5 μg ml−1). From this study, it may be suggested that the marine bacterium PIGB 184 could be used as a potential bio-resource for antioxidants and needs to be worked out for mass production.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Halliwell, B., & Gutteridge, J. M. (2007). Free radicals in biology and medicine (4th ed.). New York, Oxford: Clarendon Press, Oxford University Press.
Devasagayam, T. P. A., Tilak, J. C., Boloor, K. K., Sane, K. S., Ghaskadbi, S. S., & Lele, R. D. (2004). Free radicals and antioxidants in human health: current status and future prospects. Journal of the Association of Physicians of India, 52, 794–804.
Dekkers, J. C., Van Doornen, L. J. P. H., & Kemper, C. G. (1996). The role of antioxidant vitamins and enzymes in the prevention of exercise-induced muscle damage. Sports Medicine, 21, 213–238.
Kim, S. K., & Wijesekara, I. (2013). Marine-derived nutraceuticals: trends and prospects. In S. K. Kim (Ed.), Marine nutraceuticals: prospects and perspectives (p. 464). Boca Raton: CRC Press.
Hamed, I., Ozogul, F., Ozogul, Y., & Regenstein, J. M. (2015). Marine bioactive compounds and their health benefits: a review. Comprehensive Reviews in Food Science and Food Safety, 14, 446–65.
Correa-Llanten, D. N., Amenabar, M. J., & Blamey, J. M. (2012). Antioxidant capacity of novel pigments from an Antarctic bacterium. Journal of Microbiology, 50, 374–379.
Lavy, A., Neeman, Y., & Fuhrman, B. (2005). The antioxidative effect of the bacteria Dienococcus radiophilus against LDL lipid peroxidation. European Journal of Nutrition, 44, 281–284.
Slade, D., & Radman, M. (2011). Oxidative stress resistance in Deinococcus radiodurans. Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews, 75, 133–191.
Takao, T., Kitatani, F., Watanabe, N., Yagi, A., & Sakata, K. (1994). A simple screening method for antioxidants and isolation of several antioxidant produced by marine bacteria from fish and shellfish. Bioscience Biotechnology and Biochemistry, 58, 1780–1783.
Pawar, R. T., Mohandass, C., Sivaperumal, E., Sabu, E., Rajasabapathy, R., & Jagtap, T. G. (2015). Epiphytic marine pigmented bacteria: a prospective source for natural antioxidants. Brazilian Journal of Microbiology, 46, 29–39.
Re, R., Pellegrini, N., Proteggente, A., Pannala, A., Yang, M., & Rice-Evans, C. (1999). Antioxidant activity applying an improved ABTS radical cation decolorization assay. Free Radical Biology and Medicine, 26, 1231–1237.
Larrauri, J. A., Sanchez-Moreno, C., & Saura-Calixo, F. (1998). Effect of temperature on the free radical scavenging capacity of extracts from red and white grape pomace peels. Journal of Agricultural Food Chemistry, 46, 2694–2697.
Ferreira, I. C. F. R., Baptista, P., Vilas-Boas, M., & Barros, L. (2007). Free-radical scavenging capacity and reducing power of wild edible mushrooms from northeast Portugal: individual cap and stipe activity. Food Chemistry, 100, 1511–1516.
Benzie, I. F. F., & Strain, J. J. (1996). The ferric reducing ability of plasma (FRAP) as a measure of ‘antioxidant power’: the FRAP assay. Analytical Biochemistry, 239, 70–76.
Shan, B., Cai, Y. Z., Brooks, J. D., & Corke, H. (2007). The in vitro antibacterial activity of dietary spice and medicinal herb extracts. International Journal of Food Microbiology, 117, 112–119.
Pawar, R., Nagvenkar, S., & Jagtap, T. (2013). Protective role of edible clam Paphia malabarica (Chemnitz) against lipid peroxidation and free radical. Turkish Journal of Biochemistry, 38, 138–144.
Lowry, O. H., Rosbrough, N. J., Farr, A. L., & Randall, R. J. (1951). Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. Journal of Biological Chemistry, 193, 265–275.
Horta, A., Pinteus, S., Alves, C., Fino, N., Silva, J., Fernandez, S., Rodrigues, A., & Pedrosa, R. (2014). Antioxidant and antimicrobial potential of the Bifurcaria bifurcata epiphytic bacteria. Marine Drugs, 12, 1676–1689.
Lane, D. J. (1991). 16S/23S rRNA sequencing. In E. Stackebrandt & M. Goodfellow (Eds.), Nucleic acid techniques in bacterial systematic (pp. 115–175). New York: Wiley.
Walker, R. B., & Everette, J. D. (2009). Comparative reaction rates of various antioxidants with ABTS radical cation. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 57, 1156–1161.
Godinho, I., Pires, C., Pedro, S., Teixeira, B., Mendes, R., Nunes, M. L., & Batista, I. (2015). Antioxidant properties of fish protein hydrolysates prepared from cod protein hydrolysate by Bacillus sp. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 1-18. doi:10.1007/s12010-015-1931-5.
Martin, K. R., & Appel, C. L. (2010). Polyphenols as dietary supplements: a double-edged sword. Nutrition and Dietary Supplements, 2, 1–12.
Wang, M., Li, J., Rangarajan, M., Shao, Y., La Voie, E. J., Huang, T. C., & Ho, C. T. (1998). Antioxidative phenolic compounds from sage (Salvia officinalis). Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 46, 4869–4873.
Hajji, S., Younes, I., Rinaudo, M., Jellouli, K., & Nasri, M. (2015). Characterization and in vitro evaluation of cytotoxicity, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities of chitosans extracted from three different marine sources. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 177, 18–35.
Sun, J., Kan, F., Liu, P., He, S., Mou, H., Xue, C., & Mao, X. (2015). Screening of microorganisms from deep-sea mud for Antarctic krill (Euphausia superba) fermentation and evaluation of the bioactive compounds. Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology, 175, 1664–77.
Koren, E., Kohen, R., Ovadia, H., & Ginsburg, I. (2009). Bacteria coated by polyphenols acquire potent oxidant-scavenging capacities. Experimental Biology and Medicine, 234, 940–951.
Asencio, G., Lavin, P., Alegria, K., Dominguez, M., Bello, H., Gonzilez-Rocha, G., & Gonzalez-Aravena, M. (2014). Antibacterial activity of the Antarctic bacterium Janthinobacterium sp. SMN 33.6 against multi-resistant Gram-negative bacteria. Electronic Journal of Biotechnology, 17, 1–5.
Isnansetyo, A., & Kamei, Y. (2003). Pseudoalteromonas phenolica sp. nov., a novel marine bacterium that produces phenolic anti-methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus substances. International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology, 53, 583–588.
Balakrishnan, D., Bibiana, A. S., Vijayakumar, A., Santhosh, R. S., Dhevendran, K., & Nithyanand, P. (2015). Antioxidant activity of bacteria associated with the marine sponge Tedania anhelans. Indian Journal of Microbiology, 55, 13–18.
Padmavathi, A. R., Abinaya, B., & Pandian, S. K. (2014). Phenol, 2,4-bis(1,1-dimethylethyl) of marine bacterial origin inhibits quorum sensing mediated biofilm formation in the uropathogen Serratia marcescens. Biofouling, 30, 1111–1122.
Lee, S. (2010). Phenol, 2,4-Bis(1,1-Dimethylethyl)-,1,1’,1”-Phosphite. e-EROS encyclopedia of reagents for organic synthesis. New York: Wiley. doi:10.1002/047084289X.rn01170.
Kuo, Y. H., Liang, T. W., Liu, K. C., Hsu, Y. W., Hsu, H. C., & Wang, S. L. (2011). Isolation and identification of a novel antioxidant with antitumor activity from Serratia ureilytica using squid pen as fermentation substrate. Marine Biotechnology, 13, 451–461.
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank the Director of NIO, Dr. N. Ramaiah and Dr. P. Vethamony for providing lab support. Mr. R. M. Meena is acknowledged for his help in sequence analysis. This work was supported by the projects PSC0206 and BSC0111 under CSIR Grant. The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest. This is NIO contribution number 5852.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of Interest
All authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Pawar, R., Mohandass, C., Dastager, S.G. et al. Antioxidative Metabolites Synthesized by Marine Pigmented Vibrio sp. and Its Protection on Oxidative Deterioration of Membrane Lipids. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 179, 155–167 (2016). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-016-1985-z
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-016-1985-z