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2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline Augmentation in Scented indica Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Varieties Through Δ1-Pyrroline-5-Carboxylate Synthetase (P5CS) Gene Transformation

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Abstract

2-Acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP) has been identified as a principal aroma compound in scented rice varieties. Δ1-Pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase (P5CS) gene is reported to regulate the proline synthesis in plants and acts as the precursor of 2AP. Two scented indica rice varieties, namely Ambemohar 157 and Indrayani, were subjected to Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated genetic transformation containing P5CS gene. Overexpression of P5CS led to a significant increase in proline, P5CS enzyme activity and 2AP levels in transgenic calli, vegetative plant parts, and seeds over control in both the varieties. 2AP level increased more than twofold in transgenic seeds in both varieties. This is the first report of enhancement in 2AP content through overexpression of using P5CS gene, indicating the role of proline as a precursor amino acid in the biosynthesis of 2AP in scented rice.

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Abbreviations

P5C:

∆1-Pyrroline-5-carboxylic acid

2, 4-D:

2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid

2AP:

2-Acetyl-1-pyrroline

BAP:

Benzylaminopurine

BADH2:

Betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase 2

GC-FID:

Gas chromatography–flame-ionized detector

GC–MS:

Gas chromatography–mass spectrometry

GSA:

Glutamic γ-semialdehyde

HS-SPME:

Headspace–solid phase micro-extraction

LB:

Luria broth

NAA:

Naphthalene acetic acid

RNAi:

RNA interference

GABald:

γ-Aminobutyraldehyde

GABA:

γ-Aminobutyric acid

P5CS:

Δ1-Pyrroline-5-carboxylate synthetase

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Dr. A. Karkhane, National Institute for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (NIGEB), Tehran, Iran, for providing the pBI121-P5CS vector. The authors are thankful to Dr. P. Srinivas (Central Food and Technology Research Institute, Mysore, India) for the generous gift of authentic 2AP.

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  1. Department of Botany, Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, 411007, India

    Kayghobad Kaikavoosi, Trupti D. Kad, Rahul L. Zanan & Altafhusain B. Nadaf

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  1. Kayghobad Kaikavoosi
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  2. Trupti D. Kad
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Correspondence to Altafhusain B. Nadaf.

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Kaikavoosi, K., Kad, T.D., Zanan, R.L. et al. 2-Acetyl-1-Pyrroline Augmentation in Scented indica Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Varieties Through Δ1-Pyrroline-5-Carboxylate Synthetase (P5CS) Gene Transformation. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 177, 1466–1479 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-015-1827-4

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