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Gliotoxin-Producing Endophytic Acremonium sp. from Zingiber officinale Found Antagonistic to Soft Rot Pathogen Pythium myriotylum

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Abstract

Soft rot caused by Pythium sp. is a major cause of economic loss in ginger cultivation. Endophytic fungi isolated from Zingiber officinale were screened for its activity against the soft rot pathogen Pythium myriotylum. Among the isolates screened, an endophytic fungus which was identified as Acremonium sp. showed promising activity against the phytopathogen in dual culture. The selected fungus was cultured in large scale on solid rice media and was extracted with ethyl acetate. The crude extract was subjected to column chromatography and preparative HPLC to obtain the fraction with the antifungal activity. LC-QTOF-MS/MS analysis of this fraction done using water-acetonitrile gradient identified a mass of m/z 327 (M + H) corresponding to gliotoxin with specific fragments m/z 263, 245, 227, and 111. The result was reconfirmed in negative mode ionization. Gliotoxin is the major antagonistic peptide produced by the commercially used biocontrol agent, Trichoderma sp., which shows high antagonism against Pythium sp. The gliotoxin production by the isolated endophytic Acremonium sp. of Z. officinale shows the possible natural biocontrol potential of this endophytic fungus.

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Acknowledgments

This study was financially supported by the Department of Science and Technology, Government of India under DST-PURSE program. The authors acknowledge the Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Government of India for the instrumentation facility provided under DBT-RGYI and DBT-MSUB support scheme. The authors acknowledge Kerala Agricultural University, Thrissur, Kerala, for providing the ginger samples. The authors also acknowledge Prof. C. T. Aravindakumar, Hon. Director and Mr. Dineep D., Scientific Assistant of the Inter-University Instrumentation Center, Mahatma Gandhi University, Kottayam for the help and support for the LC-MS/MS analysis.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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  1. School of Biosciences, Mahatma Gandhi University, P D Hills, Kottayam, Kerala, India

    C. Anisha & E. K. Radhakrishnan

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  1. C. Anisha
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  2. E. K. Radhakrishnan
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Correspondence to E. K. Radhakrishnan.

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Anisha, C., Radhakrishnan, E.K. Gliotoxin-Producing Endophytic Acremonium sp. from Zingiber officinale Found Antagonistic to Soft Rot Pathogen Pythium myriotylum . Appl Biochem Biotechnol 175, 3458–3467 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-015-1517-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-015-1517-2

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