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Effect of Salicylic Acid on the Activity of PAL and PHB Geranyltransferase and Shikonin Derivatives Production in Cell Suspension Cultures of Arnebia euchroma (Royle) Johnst—a Medicinally Important Plant Species

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Abstract

Cell suspension cultures of Arnebia euchroma were established from the friable callus on liquid Murashige and Skoog medium supplemented with 6-benzylaminopurine (10.0 μM) and indole-3-butyric acid (5.0 μM). Salicylic acid was used to study its effect on the enzymes which participate in shikonin biosynthesis with respect to metabolite (shikonin) content in the cell suspension culture of A. euchroma. In our study, phenylalanine ammonia lyase and PHB geranyltransferase were selected from the entire biosynthetic pathway. Results showed that phenylalanine ammonia lyase is responsible for growth and PHB geranyltransferase for metabolite production. Salicylic acid exhibited an inverse relationship with the metabolite content (shikonin); salicylic acid (100 μM) completely inhibited shikonin biosynthesis. The results presented in the current study can be successfully employed for the metabolic engineering of its biosynthetic pathway for the enhancement of shikonin, which will not only help in meeting its industrial demand but also lead to the conservation of species in its natural habitat.

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Acknowledgments

Financial support from the Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), New Delhi, India, has been greatly acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Biotechnology, CSIR—Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Post Box No. 6, Palampur, 176061, Himachal Pradesh, India

    Pawan Kumar & Shashi Bhushan

  2. Department of Biotechnology and Bioinformatics, Jaypee University of Information Technology, Waknaghat, 173234, Solan, Himachal Pradesh, India

    Pawan Kumar, Tarun Pal, Nikhil Malhotra & Archit Sood

  3. Genomics and Molecular Medicine Unit, Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology (IGIB), Council of Scientific and Industrial Research (CSIR), Delhi, 110 007, India

    Mahak Saini

  4. Defence Institute of High Altitude Research (DIHAR), Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO), Leh-Ladakh, 194101, India

    Ashish R. Warghat

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  1. Pawan Kumar
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  2. Mahak Saini
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  3. Shashi Bhushan
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  4. Ashish R. Warghat
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  5. Tarun Pal
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  6. Nikhil Malhotra
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Correspondence to Pawan Kumar.

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Kumar, P., Saini, M., Bhushan, S. et al. Effect of Salicylic Acid on the Activity of PAL and PHB Geranyltransferase and Shikonin Derivatives Production in Cell Suspension Cultures of Arnebia euchroma (Royle) Johnst—a Medicinally Important Plant Species. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 173, 248–258 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-014-0838-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-014-0838-x

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