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Pigment Production by Filamentous Fungi on Agro-Industrial Byproducts: an Eco-Friendly Alternative

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Abstract

The search for new sources of natural pigments has increased, mainly because of the toxic effects caused by synthetic dyes used in food, pharmaceutical, textile, and cosmetic industries. Fungi provide a readily available alternative source of natural pigments. In this context, the fungi Penicillium chrysogenum IFL1 and IFL2, Fusarium graminearum IFL3, Monascus purpureus NRRL 1992, and Penicillium vasconiae IFL4 were selected as pigments producers. The fungal identification was performed using ITS and part of the β-tubulin gene sequencing. Almost all fungi were able to grow and produce water-soluble pigments on agro-industrial residues, with the exception of P. vasconiae that produced pigments only on potato dextrose broth. The production of yellow pigments was predominant and the two strains of P. chrysogenum were the largest producers. In addition, the production of pigments and mycotoxins were evaluated in potato dextrose agar using TOF-MS and TOF-MS/MS. Metabolites as roquefortine C, chrysogine were found in both extracts of P. chrysogenum, as well fusarenone X, diacetoxyscirpenol, and neosolaniol in F. graminearum extract. In the M. purpureus extract, the pigments monascorubrin, rubropunctatin, and the mycotoxin citrinin were found. The crude filtrates have potential to be used in the textile industry; nevertheless, additional pigment purification is required for food and pharmaceutical applications.

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) and Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) for financial support. We also thank Dr. Patricia Valente da Silva, Dr. Charley Christian Staats, Dr. Fernanda Stanisçuaski (UFRGS), and Dr. João Lúcio de Azevedo (ESALQ/USP) for the insightful suggestions on the manuscript and Dr. Nelson Netto (UNICRUZ) for providing some fungi for our mycology collection.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Laboratório de Bioquímica e Microbiologia Aplicada, Departamento de Ciência de Alimentos (ICTA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, 91501-970, Porto Alegre, Brazil

    Fernanda Cortez Lopes, Deise Michele Tichota, Jamile Queiroz Pereira & Adriano Brandelli

  2. Unidade Química de Proteínas e Espectrometria de Massas (UNIPROTE-MS), Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil

    Jéferson Segalin

  3. Laboratório de Análise de Alimentos, Departamento de Ciência de Alimentos (ICTA), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil

    Alessandro de Oliveira Rios

Authors
  1. Fernanda Cortez Lopes
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  2. Deise Michele Tichota
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  3. Jamile Queiroz Pereira
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  4. Jéferson Segalin
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  5. Alessandro de Oliveira Rios
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  6. Adriano Brandelli
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Correspondence to Adriano Brandelli.

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Lopes, F.C., Tichota, D.M., Pereira, J.Q. et al. Pigment Production by Filamentous Fungi on Agro-Industrial Byproducts: an Eco-Friendly Alternative. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 171, 616–625 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-013-0392-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-013-0392-y

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