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High Levels of Glucose Induces a Dose-Dependent Apoptosis in Human Periodontal Ligament Fibroblasts by Activating Caspase-3 Signaling Pathway

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Abstract

Periodontitis is one of the main complications of diabetes mellitus and many researches have been done on the relationship between periodontitis and diabetes mellitus, but too much are still unclear, especially the mechanisms by which high glucose induces damage of periodontal ligament fibroblasts. So in this study, we investigated the effects of different concentration of high glucose on apoptosis in human periodontal ligament fibroblasts and the possible mechanisms involved. Human periodontal ligament fibroblasts were cultured and subjected to glucose of different concentration (5.5, 15, 25, and 35 mM) for 24 h. Apoptosis was studied by flow cytometry, caspase assays, fluorescent real-time PCR and Western blot. We also determined Fas/FasL expression was by Western blot. The application of different concentration of high glucose induced a concentration-dependent increase of apoptosis and the activity of caspase-3 in cultured human periodontal ligament fibroblasts. Furthermore, inhibitor of caspase-3 could prevent the high-glucose-induced apoptosis in human periodontal ligament fibroblasts. Protein levels of Fas and FasL remained unchanged. These data indicate that high glucose induces a concentration- and caspase-3-dependent increase of apoptosis in cultured human periodontal ligament fibroblasts in vitro. Activation of caspase-3 caused by high glucose is independent of Fas/FasL signaling pathways system. These results suggest a novel mechanism for the regulation of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts apoptosis by high glucose.

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Acknowledgments

This research was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (no. 30973354) and China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (no. 20100471816)

Conflicts of Interest

We declare there are no conflicts of interest. The manuscript has been read and approved by all authors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Stomatology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No. 28 Fuxing Road, Beijing, 100853, People’s Republic of China

    Jiaqiang Liu, Yi Jiang, Bin Gu & Hongchen Liu

  2. Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillofacial, Ninth People’s Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 639 Zhi-Zao-Ju Road, Shanghai, 200011, People’s Republic of China

    Jiaqiang Liu & Bing Fang

  3. Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Shanghai 1st Maternity and Infant Hospital, 536 Changle Road, Shanghai, 200040, People’s Republic of China

    Jing Mao

Authors
  1. Jiaqiang Liu
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  2. Yi Jiang
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  3. Jing Mao
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  4. Bin Gu
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  5. Hongchen Liu
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  6. Bing Fang
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Hongchen Liu or Bing Fang.

Additional information

Jiaqiang Liu, Yi Jiang and Jing Mao contributed equally to this work and should be considered as co-first author. Hongchen Liu and Bing Fang are co-corresponding authors.

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Liu, J., Jiang, Y., Mao, J. et al. High Levels of Glucose Induces a Dose-Dependent Apoptosis in Human Periodontal Ligament Fibroblasts by Activating Caspase-3 Signaling Pathway. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 170, 1458–1471 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-013-0287-y

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-013-0287-y

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