Abstract
Ammonium sulphate cut protein extracts, and their pepsin hydrolysates, from the rhizomes of 15 plants in the Zingiberaceae family were screened for their in vitro angiotensin I-converting enzyme inhibitory (ACEI) activity. The protein extract from Zingiber ottensii had the highest ACEI activity (IC50 of 7.30 × 10−7 mg protein/mL) and was enriched for by SP Sepharose chromatography with five NaCl step gradients 0, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 and 1 M NaCl collecting the corresponding five fractions. The highest ACEI activity was found in the F75 fraction, which appeared to contain a single 20.7-kDa protein, suggesting enrichment to or near to homogeneity. The ACEI activity of the F75 fraction was moderately thermostable (−20–60 °C), showed >80% activity across a broad pH range of 4–12 (optimal at pH 4–5) and appeared as a competitive inhibitor of ACE (K i of 9.1 × 10−5 mg protein/mL). For the pepsin hydrolysates, that from Zingiber cassumunar revealed the highest ACEI activity (IC50 of 0.38 ± 0.012 mg/mL), was enriched to a single active hexapeptide by RP-HPLC with a strong ACEI activity (IC50 of 0.011 ± 0.012 mg/mL) and acted as a competitive inhibitor of ACE (K i of 1.25 × 10−6 mg protein/mL).
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Acknowledgments
The authors thank the 90th Anniversary of Chulalongkorn University fund, the National Research University Project of CHE, the Ratchadaphiseksomphot Endowment Fund (AG001B, AM1019A and AS613A), the Thai Government Stimulus Package 2 (TKK2555) and the Thailand Research Fund through the TRF-CHE Research Grant for Mid-Career University Faculty (RMU5380036), for financial support of this research, as well as the Institute of Biotechnology and Genetic Engineering for support and facilities. We also thank Dr. Robert Butcher (Publication Counseling Unit, Chulalongkorn University) for his constructive comments in preparing this manuscript.
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Yodjun, M., Karnchanatat, A. & Sangvanich, P. Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme Inhibitory Proteins and Peptides from the Rhizomes of Zingiberaceae Plants. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 166, 2037–2050 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-012-9630-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-012-9630-y