Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Byssus Thread: A Novel Support Material for Urease Immobilization

  • Published:
Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Byssus threads are tough biopolymer produced by mussels (Mytilus viridis) to attach themselves to rocks. These were collected from mussels in their natural habitat (N) and from animals maintained in laboratory condition (L) as a novel support. Byssus thread surfaces were characterized by SEM analysis, chemically modified and used for adsorption of urease. The efficiency of the immobilization was calculated by examining the relative enzyme activity of free and the immobilized urease. The pH stabilities of immobilized urease were higher (0.5 unit) than free enzyme. Immobilized enzymes on byssus (both N and L) when stored at 6 °C retained 50% of its activity after 30 days, but they were more stable in dry condition. The optimum temperature of immobilized enzymes was found to increase (25 °C). A Michaelis–Menten constant (K m) value for immobilized urease was also elevated (2.08 mol).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. Hanefeld, U., Gardossib, L., & Magnerc, E. (2009). Chemical Society Reviews, 38, 453–468.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Schoemaker, H. E., Mink, D., & Wubbolts, M. G. (2003). Science, 299, 1694–1697.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Iyer, P. V., & Ananthanarayan, L. (2008). Process Biochemistry, 43, 1019–1032.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Marconi, W. (1989). Reactive Polymers, 11, 1–19.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Taylor, R. F. (1991). Protein immobilization fundamentals and applications (p. 269). New York: Marcel Deckker.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Klibanov, A. M. (1983). Science, 219, 722–727.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Bhole, M., & Bahadur, A. (1990). Cellulose Chemistry and Technology, 24, 563–570.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Bahadur, A., & Bahadur, P. (1985). Indian Journal of Biochemistry and Biophysics, 22, 107–110.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. DeGroot, A. R., & Neufeld, R. J. (2001). Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 29, 321–327.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Atkinson, B. R. J., & Rousseau, I. (1977). Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 19, 1037–1041.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Nouaimi, M., Moschel, K., & Bisswanger, H. (2001). Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 29, 567–574.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Jia, H. F., Zhu, G. Y., Vugrinovich, B., Kataphinan, B., Reneker, D. H., & Wang, P. (2002). Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 18, 1027–1032.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Teramoto, K., Nakamoto, Y., Kumitomo, T., Shoji, H., Tani, T., Hanazawa, K., et al. (2002). Therapeutic Apheresis, 6, 103–108.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Zhang, Y. Q. (1998). Biotechnology Advances, 16, 961–971.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Xie, J. B., & Hsich, Y. L. (2003). Journal of Materials Science, 38, 2125–2133.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Krajewska, B. (2009). Journal of Molecular Catalysis B: Enzymatic, 59, 9–21.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Krajewska, B. (2009). Journal of Molecular Catalysis B: Enzymatic, 59, 22–40.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Pithawala, K., & Bahadur, A. (2004). National Academy Science Letters, 27, 53–58.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Reddy, R. C., Srivastava, P. K., Dey, P. M., & Kayastha, A. M. (2004). Biotechnology and Applied Biochemistry, 39, 323–327.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Pithawala, K., Mishra, N., & Bahadur, A. (2010). Journal of the Serbian Chemical Society, 75, 175–183.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Prakash, O., Puliga, S., & Upadhyay, L. S. (2007). Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering, 12, 131–135.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Waite, J. H. (2002). Integrative and Comparative Biology, 42, 1172–1180.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Bromley, R. G., & Heinberg, C. (2006). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology, 232, 429–453.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. Qin, X., Coyne, K. J., & Waite, J. H. (1997). Journal of Biological Chemistry, 272, 32623–32627.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Qin, X. X., & Waite, J. H. (1998). Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 95, 10517–10522.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Lowry, O. H., Rosebrough, N. J., Farr, A., & Randall, R. W. (1951). Journal of Biological Chemistry, 193, 265–275.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Jayaraman, J. (1981). Laboratory manual in biochemistry (p. 130). New Delhi: Wiley.

    Google Scholar 

  28. Gonzalez, J. M., & Pizarro, C. (2001). European Polymer Journal, 37, 435–444.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. Krajewska, B., & Piwowarska, Z. (2005). Biocatalysis and Biotransformation, 23, 225–232.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Sahoo, B., Sahu, S. K., & Pramanik, P. (2011). Journal of Molecular Catalysis B: Enzymatic, 69, 95–102.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Kumar, S., Dwevedi, A., & Kayastha, A. M. (2009). Journal of Molecular Catalysis B: Enzymatic, 58, 138–145.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Kallury, K. M. R., Lee, W. E., & Thompson, M. (1992). Analytical Chemistry, 64, 1062–1068.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  33. Arasaratnam, V., Galaev, I. Y., & Matiasson, B. (2000). Enzyme and Microbial Technology, 27, 254–263.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Bissett, F., & Sternberg, D. (1978). Applied and Environmental Microbiology, 35, 750–755.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Dickensheets, P. A., Chen, L. F., & Tsao, G. T. (1977). Biotechnology and Bioengineering, 19, 365–375.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

Anita Bahadur thanks U.G.C. India Major Research Project [F.No.33-347/2007 (SR)] for financial assistance.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Zoology, Sir P. T. Sarvajanik College of Science, Surat, 395001, India

    Neelam Mishra & Anita Bahadur

  2. Department of Biology Gujarat College, Ahmedabad, 15, India

    Kespi Pithawala

Authors
  1. Neelam Mishra
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Kespi Pithawala
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Anita Bahadur
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Anita Bahadur.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Mishra, N., Pithawala, K. & Bahadur, A. Byssus Thread: A Novel Support Material for Urease Immobilization. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 165, 1568–1576 (2011). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-011-9376-y

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-011-9376-y

Keywords

Search

Navigation