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Structure and Applications of a Rhamnolipid Surfactant Produced in Soybean Oil Waste

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Abstract

Soybean oil soapstock was utilized as an alternative carbon source for the production of rhamnolipids by Pseudomonas aeruginosa LBI strain. The chemical composition and properties of the rhamnolipid mixture obtained were determined to define its potential applications. The chemical characterization of the rhamnolipid has revealed the presence of ten different homologues. The monorhamnolipid RhaC10C10 and the dirhamnolipid Rha2C10C10 were the main components of the mixture that showed predominance of 44% and 29%, respectively, after 144-h of cultivation. The biosurfactant was able to form stable emulsions with several hydrocarbons and showed excellent emulsification for soybean oil and chicken fat (100%). The rhamnolipid removed 67% of crude oil present in sand samples and presented antimicrobial activity against Bacillus cereus and Mucor miehei at 64 μg/mL and inhibition of Neurospora crassa, Staphylococcus aureus, and Micrococcus luteus at 256 μg/mL. The results demonstrated that the rhamnolipid produced in soybean oil soapstock can be useful in environmental and food industry applications.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by the Fundação de Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP). We thank Cargill S.A. for supplying the soybean oil soapstock and François Lépine and Sylvain Milot from Institut Armand-Frappier (Canada) for their help on structural characterization of rhamnolipids.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physical-Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo—USP, Av. Trabalhador São Carlense, 400, 13560-970, São Carlos, SP, Brazil

    Marcia Nitschke

  2. Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Institute of Biological Sciences, São Paulo State University—UNESP/Rio Claro, Av. 24-A, 1515—Bela Vista, 13506-900, P. O. Box 199, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil

    Siddhartha G. V. A. O. Costa & Jonas Contiero

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  1. Marcia Nitschke
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  2. Siddhartha G. V. A. O. Costa
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  3. Jonas Contiero
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Correspondence to Marcia Nitschke.

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Nitschke, M., Costa, S.G.V.A.O. & Contiero, J. Structure and Applications of a Rhamnolipid Surfactant Produced in Soybean Oil Waste. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 160, 2066–2074 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12010-009-8707-8

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