Dermatomyositis Clinical and Pathological Phenotypes Associated with Myositis-Specific Autoantibodies
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Abstract
Purpose of review
Dermatomyositis is an idiopathic inflammatory myopathy with a variety of systemic and cutaneous manifestations. The myositis-specific autoantibodies (MSAs) are associated with phenotypic features and provide a tool for sub-classification of dermatomyositis patients. This review focuses on recent work characterizing the clinical features that accompany the MSAs in dermatomyositis.
Recent findings
There is increasing recognition of the distinct clinical and pathological phenotypes associated with each MSA. Most of these features display considerable overlap between MSA groups. Despite this, there are notable differences between the typical combinations of cutaneous and systemic manifestations, response to therapy, prognosis, and disease sequelae that define each dermatomyositis MSA group.
Summary
The MSAs may ultimately improve diagnosis and sub-classification of dermatomyositis patients. However, more work is needed to understand the pathologic basis for much of the heterogeneity found within these subgroups.
Keywords
Dermatomyositis Myositis-specific autoantibodies MSAs Autoimmune disease AutoantibodiesNotes
Compliance with Ethical Standards
Conflict of Interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Human and Animal Rights
All reported studies/experiments with human or animal subjects performed by the authors have been previously published and complied with all applicable ethical standards (including the Helsinki declaration and its amendments, institutional/national research committee standards, and international/national/institutional guidelines).
References
Papers of particular interest, published recently, have been highlighted as: • Of importance •• Of major importance
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