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Preeclampsia and Kidney Disease: Deciphering Cause and Effect

  • Preeclampsia (VD Garovic, Section Editor)
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Abstract

Purpose of Review

Preeclampsia and chronic kidney disease have a complex, bidirectional relationship. Women with kidney disease, with even mild reductions in glomerular filtrate rate, have an increased risk of developing preeclampsia. Preeclampsia, in turn, has been implicated in the subsequent development of albuminuria, chronic kidney disease, and end-stage kidney disease. We will discuss observational evidence and mechanisms linking the two disease processes.

Recent Findings

Preeclampsia is characterized by an imbalance in angiogenic factors that causes systemic endothelial dysfunction. Chronic kidney disease may predispose to the development of preeclampsia due to comorbid conditions, such as hypertension, but is also associated with impaired glycocalyx integrity and alterations in the complement and renin-angiotensin-aldosterone systems. Preeclampsia may lead to kidney disease by causing acute kidney injury, endothelial damage, and podocyte loss.

Summary

Preeclampsia may be an important sex-specific risk factor for chronic kidney disease. Understanding how chronic kidney disease increases the risk of preeclampsia from a mechanistic standpoint may open the door to future biomarkers and therapeutics for all women.

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Dr. Kattah is supported by the Catalyst Award from the Department of Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.

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  1. Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA

    Andrea Kattah

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Kattah, A. Preeclampsia and Kidney Disease: Deciphering Cause and Effect. Curr Hypertens Rep 22, 91 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11906-020-01099-1

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