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Minimal/Measurable Residual Disease Detection in Acute Leukemias by Multiparameter Flow Cytometry

  • Molecular Testing and Diagnostics (J Khoury, Section Editor)
  • Published:
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Abstract

Purpose of Review

Minimal or measurable residual disease (MRD) detected by multiparameter flow cytometry (MFC) is an independent prognostic indicator in acute leukemia. However, the predictive value of MFC MRD is affected by technical challenges, interpretive complexities, and inadequate standardization, particularly in acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Here, we critically review the methodological principles of the MFC MRD assay and discuss clinical implications of MRD.

Recent Findings

Key components of MFC MRD assays to be discussed include the principles of MFC, panel selection, analysis approaches, level of quantifiable MRD and calculation, reporting, and areas of improvements. Key components of clinical implications include context-dependent detection threshold and the integral role of MRD assessment by MFC in the era of ever-expanding molecular testing.

Summary

With advancements in technology and standardization, MFC along with molecular assays will continue to play an important role in MRD assessment to evaluate treatment response and risk stratification.

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  1. Department of Pathology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, BioCenter EB3.234, 2330 Inwood Road, Dallas, TX, 75390-9317, USA

    Franklin Fuda & Weina Chen

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  1. Franklin Fuda
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Fuda, F., Chen, W. Minimal/Measurable Residual Disease Detection in Acute Leukemias by Multiparameter Flow Cytometry. Curr Hematol Malig Rep 13, 455–466 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11899-018-0479-1

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