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Role of the Microbiome in Food Allergy

  • Food Allergy (T Green, Section Editor)
  • Published:
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Abstract

Purpose of Review

Resident microbial communities likely modify risk for allergic disorders, including food allergy. We review epidemiologic studies linking microbial exposures to food allergy risk and discuss the mechanisms by which the microbiome may modulate oral tolerance. We additionally address ongoing translational efforts in human microbiome studies.

Recent Findings

Epidemiologic studies and murine models support that altered microbial exposures and colonization in early life modify food allergy risk. Differential microbiota confer protection or susceptibility to food allergy by modulating the regulatory tone of the mucosal immune system. Recent efforts are focused on the identification of bacterial strains necessary for oral tolerance in human and microbial-based clinical trials.

Summary

Early childhood appears to be critical for the colonization of a diverse microbiota necessary for the induction and maintenance of oral tolerance. Identification and functional evaluation of protective commensal microbes will inform strategies for the prevention and treatment of food allergy.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA

    Hsi-en Ho & Supinda Bunyavanich

  2. Icahn Institute for Genomics and Multiscale Biology, Department of Genetics & Genomic Sciences, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, 1 Gustave L Levy Place, Box 1498, New York, NY, 10029, USA

    Supinda Bunyavanich

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  1. Hsi-en Ho
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  2. Supinda Bunyavanich
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Correspondence to Supinda Bunyavanich.

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This article is part of the Topical Collection on Food Allergy

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Ho, He., Bunyavanich, S. Role of the Microbiome in Food Allergy. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 18, 27 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11882-018-0780-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11882-018-0780-z

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