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MicroRNA in Chronic Rhinosinusitis and Allergic Rhinitis

  • RHINOSINUSITIS (J MULLOL, SECTION EDITOR)
  • Published:
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Abstract

Inflammatory upper airway diseases, particularly chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and allergic rhinitis (AR), have a high worldwide prevalence. CRS and AR involve sustained and exaggerated inflammation that is associated with marked changes in gene and protein expression under tight regulation. A novel group of gene expression regulators is a class of short single-stranded RNA molecules termed microRNAs (miRNAs). miRNAs can cause gene silencing through degradation of target mRNAs or inhibition of translation. Dysregulated expression of miRNAs has been shown in various human diseases, such as cancer, inflammatory skin and bowel diseases, rheumatoid arthritis, and asthma. Although studies of miRNAs in inflammatory upper airway diseases are relatively new and few, emerging evidence implicates an involvement of miRNAs in shaping the inflammation pattern in upper airways. The purpose of this review is to provide an overview on our current understanding of miRNA expression and function in CRS and AR, and to underscore the potential for clinical usage of miRNAs in CRS and AR.

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Conflict of Interest

This study was supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) grant 81325006 and 81020108018 to Z.L., and a grant from Ministry of Health of China (201202005).

Xin-Hao Zhang, Ya-Na Zhang, and Zheng Liu declare that they have no conflict of interest.

Human and Animal Rights and Informed Consent

This article does not contain any studies with human or animal subjects performed by any of the authors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, No. 1095 Jiefang Avenue, Wuhan, 430030, People’s Republic of China

    Xin-Hao Zhang, Ya-Na Zhang & Zheng Liu

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  1. Xin-Hao Zhang
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  2. Ya-Na Zhang
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  3. Zheng Liu
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Correspondence to Zheng Liu.

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This article is part of the Topical Collection on Rhinosinusitis

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Zhang, XH., Zhang, YN. & Liu, Z. MicroRNA in Chronic Rhinosinusitis and Allergic Rhinitis. Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 14, 415 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11882-013-0415-3

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