Abstract
The occurrence of the PHAILIN, HUDHUD cyclones in the Bay of Bengal region highlights the importance of continuous monitoring of this area from the coastal vulnerability perspective. The increase in the magnitude and frequency of coastal disasters is estimated to cause disastrous effects on the ever-increasing coastal population as well as the natural resources that are available in these regions. In this paper, the coastal vulnerability of a part of the Odisha coast, including the districts of Kendrapara and Jagatsinghpur, has been assessed on a relatively finer scale. These districts are reported to be the most vulnerable areas along the Odisha coast. A set of Physical–geological parameters and socio-economic factors are used to derive the vulnerability using AHP, and vulnerability maps are prepared to demarcate areas with different vulnerability. The Coastal Vulnerability Index (CVI) finally is grouped into the three vulnerability classes for the final coastal vulnerability map. Depending on this classification, approx. 35% of the coastline comes under high vulnerability, 39% under Medium and 26% under low vulnerability class. The coastline adjoining, Teisimouza, Barunei, Paradip, are the highly vulnerable zones whereas the shoreline between Jatardharmohan and Saharabedi comes under intermediate vulnerability zone. The results obtained can be used for prioritization of the most sensitive areas in this coastal belt for better strategic management.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Abuodha P, Woodroffe CD (2006) Assessing vulnerability of coasts to climate change: a review of approaches and their application to the Australian coast. In: Bruce E, Puotinen M, Furness RA (eds) GIS for the coastal zone: a selection of papers from CoastGIS 2006, Australian National Centre for Ocean Resources and Security University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia, 2007, p 458
Adger WN (1996) Approaches to Vulnerability to Climate Change, CSERGE Working Paper GEC, 96–05, Centre for Social and Economic Research on the Global Environment, University of East Anglia, Norwich, and University College London.
Anfuso G, Martinez DPJA (2009) Assessment of coastal vulnerability through the use of GIS tools in south Sicily(Italy). Environ Manag 43:533–545
Birkmann J (2006) Measuring vulnerability to promote disaster-resilient societies: conceptual frameworks and definitions. In: Measuring vulnerability to natural hazards. United Nations Univ. Press, Tokyo, pp 9–54
Boak EH, Turner IL (2005) Shoreline definition and detection: a review. J Coast Res 214:688–703
Boruff BJ, Emrich C, Cutter SL (2005) Erosion hazard vulnerability of US coastal counties. J Coast Res 21:932–942
Chang HK, Liou JC, Chen WW (2012) Protection priority in the coastal environment using a hybrid ahp-topsis method on the Miaoli coast, Taiwan. J Coast Res 28:369–374. https://doi.org/10.2112/jcoastres-d-10-00092.1.
Church JA, Church JA, Gregory JM, Huybrechts P, Kuhn M, Lambeck C, Nhuan MT, Qin D, Woodworth PL (2001) Changes in sea level. In: Houghton JT, Ding Y, Griggs DJ, Noguer M, Van der Linden PJ, Dai X, Maskell X, Johnson CA (eds) Climate change: the scientific basis: contribution of working group I to the third assessment report of the intergovernmental panel, pp 639–694
Cutter SL (1996) Vulnerability to environmental hazards. Prog Hum Geogr 20:529–539
Cutter SL, Boruff BJ, Shirley WL (2003) Social vulnerability to environmental hazards. Soc Sci Q 84:242–261
Diez PG, Perillo GME, Piccolo MC, Beach WP (2007) Vulnerability to sea-level rise on the coast of the Buenos Aires province. J Coast Res 23:119–126
Dinesh Kumar PK (2006) Potential vulnerability implications of sea level rise for the coastal zones of cochin, southwest coast of India. Environ Monit Assess 123:333–344
Dolan R, Fenster MS, Holme SJ (1991) Temporal analysis of shoreline recession and accretion. J Coast Res 7:723–744
Doukakis E (2005a) Coastal red spots along the western Thermaikos gulf, In: Lekkas T D (ed) Proceedings of the 9th international conference on environmental science and technology, Vol a - oral presentations, pp. A334-A339.
Doukakis E (2005b) Coastal vulnerability and risk parameters. Eur Water 11/12:3–7
Duriyapong F, Nakhapakorn K (2011) Coastal vulnerability assessment: a case study of Samut Sakhon coastal zone. Songklanakarin. J Sci Technol 33:469–476
Dwarakish GS, Vinay SA, Natesan U, Asano T, Kakinuma T, Venkataramana K, Pai BJ, Babita MK (2009) Coastal vulnerability assessment of the future sea level rise in Udupi coastal zone of Karnataka state, west coast of India. Ocean Coast Manag 52:467–478. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2009.07.007
Giri C, Pengra B, Zhu Z, Singh A, Tieszen LL (2007) Monitoring mangrove forest dynamics of the Sundarbans in Bangladesh and India using multi-temporal satellite data from 1973 to 2000. Estuar Coast Shelf Sci 73:91–100
Gornitz V (1991) Global coastal hazards from future sea level rise. Palaeogeogr Palaeoclimatol Palaeoecol 89:379–398. https://doi.org/10.1016/0031-0182(91)90173-O
Gornitz V, Kanciruk P (1989) Assessment of global coastal hazards from sea-level rise, Proceedings of the 6th Symposium on Coastal and Ocean management. ASCE, Charleston, SC. 11–14. July, 1989.
Gornitz VM, Daniels RC, White TW, Birdwell KR (1994) The development of a coastal risk assessment database: vulnerability to sea-level rise in the U.S. southeast. J Coast Res 12:327–338
Gorokhovich Y, Leiserowitz A, Dugan D (2014) Integrating coastal vulnerability and community-based subsistence resource mapping in Northwest Alaska. J Coast Res 293:158–169
Hegde AV, Raju VR (2007) Development of coastal vulnerability index for Mangalore coast, India. J Coast Res 23:1106–1111
IPCC (2007) Summary for Policymakers. In: Solomon S, Qin D, Manning M, Chen Z, Marquis M, Averyt KB, Tignor M, Miller HL (eds) Climate change: The physical science basis. Contribution of working group I to the fourth assessment report of the intergovernmental panel on climate change. Cambridge University Press, New York, p 996
Ju CY, Jia YG, Shan HX, Tang CW, Ma WJ (2012) GIS based coastal area suitability assessment of geo-environmental factors in Laoshan district, Qingdao. Nat Hazards Earth Syst Sci 12:143–150. https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-12-143-2012
Kaly U, Pratt C, Howorth R (2002) A framework for managing environmental vulnerabilityin Small Island developing states. Dev Bull 58:33–38
Klein RJT, Nicholls RJ, Thomall F (2003) Resilience to natural hazards: how useful is this concept? Environ Hazard 5:35–45
Kumar AA, Kunte PD (2012) Coastal vulnerability assessment for Chennai, east coast of India using geospatial techniques. Nat Hazards 64(1):853–872
Kumar TS, Mahendra RS, Nayak S, Radhakrishnan K, Sahu KC (2010) Coastal vulnerability assessment for Orissa state, East Coast of India. J Coast Res 263:523–534. https://doi.org/10.2112/09-1186.1
Kunte PD, Jauhari N, Mehrotra U, Kotha M, Hursthouse AS, Gagnon AS (2014) Multi-hazards coastal vulnerability assessment of Goa, India, using geospatial techniques. Ocean Coast Manag 95:264–281
Le Cozannet G, Garcin M, Bulteau T, Mirgon C, Yates ML, Méndez M, Baills A, Idier D, Oliveros C (2013) An AHP derived method for mapping the physical vulnerability of coastal areas at regional scales. Nat Hazards Earth Syst Sci 13:1209–1227. https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-13-1209-2013
Mahapatra M, Ratheesh R, Rajawat AS (2014) Coastal vulnerability assessment using analytical hierarchical process for South Gujarat coast, India. Nat Hazards 76:139–159. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-014-1491-y
Mahendra RS, Mohanty PC, Bisoyi H, Kumar TS, Nayak S (2011) Assessment and management of coastal multi-hazard vulnerability along the Cuddalore Villupuram, east coast of India using geospatial techniques. Ocean Coast Manag 54:302–311. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ocecoaman.2010.12.008
Mani Murali R (2014) Application of geo -spatial technologies in coastal vulnerability studies due to Sea Level Rise (SLR) along the central Orissa Coast, India. In: Sundaresan J et al. (eds) Geospatial technologies and climate change. Geotechnologies and the Environment 10:187–199 https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-01689-4_11
Mani Murali R, Dinesh Kumar PK (2015) Implications of sea level rise scenarios on land use /land cover classes of the coastal zones of cochin, India. J Environ Manag 148(2015):124e133
Mani Murali R, Shrivastava D, Vethamony P (2009) Monitoring shoreline environment of Paradip, east coast of India using remote sensing. Curr Sci 97(1):79–84
Mani Murali R, Ankita M, Amrita S, Vethamony P (2013) Coastal vulnerability assessment of Puducherry coast, India, using the analytical hierarchical process. Nat Hazards Earth Syst Sci 13(12):3291–3311
Mani Murali R, Dhiman R, Choudhary R, Jayakumar S, Ilangovan D, Vethamony P (2015) Decadal shoreline assessment using remote sensing along the Central Odisha coast, India. Environ Earth Sci 74:7201–7213
McLaughlin S, Cooper JAG (2010) A multi-scale coastal vulnerability index: a tool for coastal managers. Environ Hazard 9:233–248
McLaughlin S, McKenna J, Cooper JAG (2002) Socio-economic data in coastal vulnerability indices: constraints and opportunities. J Coast Res 36:487–497
Moss RH, Malone EL, Brenkert AL (2002). Vulnerability to climate change: a quantitative approach. Prepared for the US Department of Energy. Available online: http://www.globalchange. umd.edu/cgi-bin/Details.pl?sref=PNNL-13765
National Assessment of Shoreline Change: Odisha Coast (2011) In: R. Ramesh R, Purvaja A (eds) Senthilvel, National Center for Sustainable Coastal Management, vol 1, p 164
Nicholls RJ (1995) Coastal megacities and climate change. GeoJournal 37(3):369–379
Ozyurt G, Ergin A, Baykal C (2010) Coastal vulnerability assessment to sea level rise integrated with analytical hierarchy process. Coast Eng Proc 1:6. https://doi.org/10.9753/icce.v32.management.6
Pendleton EA, Thieler ER, Jeffress SW (2005) Coastal vulnerability assessment of golden gate national recreation area to sea-level rise. USGS Open-File Report 2005–1058
Ramesh R, Purvaja R, Senthil Vel A (2011) National Assessment of shoreline change: Odisha coast, NCSCM/MoEF Report 2011–01, 57 p. available at http://www.ncscm.org/reports.php
Rao KN, Subraelu P, Venkateswara Rao T, Hema Malini B, Ratheesh R, Bhattacharya S, Rajawat AS (2008) Sea level rise and coastal vulnerability: an assessment of Andhra Pradesh coast, India through remote sensing and GIS. J Coast Conserv 12:195–207. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11852-009-0042-2
Romieu E, Welle T, Schneiderbauer S, Pelling M, Vinchon C (2010) Vulnerability assessment within climate change and natural hazard contexts: revealing gaps and synergies through coastal applications. Sustain Sci 5:159–170. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11625-010-0112-2
Saaty TL (1977) A scaling method for priorities in hierarchical structures. J Math Psychol 15:234–281
Saaty TL (1980) The analytic hierarchy process: planning, priority setting, resources allocation. McGraw, New York
Saaty TL, Vargas LG (1991) Prediction, Projection and Forecasting: Applications of the Analytic Hierarchy Process in Economics, Finance, Politics, Games and Sports. Kluwer Academic Publishers, Boston
Sindhu B, Suresh I, Unnikrishnan AS, Bhatkar NV, Neetu S, Michael GS (2007) Improved bathymetric datasets for the shallow water. J Earth Syst Sci 3:261–274
Strohecker K (2008) World sea levels to rise 1.5m by 2100 – scientists, an Environmental News Network and Reuters publication, available at: http://www.enn.com/wildlife/article/34702
Sudha Rani NNV, Satyanarayana ANV, Bhaskaran PK (2015) Coastal vulnerability assessment studies over India:a review. Nat Hazards. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11069-015-1597-x
Szlafsztein CF, Sterr H (2007) A GIS-based vulnerability assessment of coastal natural hazards, state of Pará, Brazil. J Coast Conserv 11:53–66
Szlafsztien CF (2005) Climate change, sea-level rise and coastal natural hazard: a GIS-based vulnerability assessment, state of Pará, Brazil. J Coast Conserv 11:53–66
Thatcher CA, Brock JC, Pendleton EA (2013) Economic vulnerability to sea-level rise along the northern US Gulf Coast. J Coast Res 63:234–243
Thieler ER (2000) National assessment of coastal vulnerability to future sea-level rise. USGS Fact Sheet,fs-076-100
Thieler ER, Hammar-Klose ES (1999) National assessment of coastal vulnerability to sea-level rise, U.S. Atlantic Coast: U.S. Geological Survey Open-File Report 99-593, 1 sheet
Torresan S, Critto A, Rizzi J, Marcomini A (2012) Assessment of coastal vulnerability to climate change hazards at the regional scale: the case study of the north Adriatic Sea. Nat Hazards Earth Syst Sci 12:2347–2368. https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-12-2347-2012
Turner BL, Kasperson RE, Matson PA, McCarthy JJ, Corell RW, Christensen L, Eckley N, Kasperson JX, Luers A, Martello ML, Polsky C, Pulsipher A, Schiller A (2003) A framework for vulnerability analysis in sustainability science. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 100:8074–8079. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1231335100
Unnikrishnan AS, Shankar D (2007) Are sea-level-rise trends along the coasts of the North Indian Ocean consistent with global estimates? Glob Planet Chang 57:301–307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gloplacha.2006.11.029
Unnikrishnan AS, Kumar KR, Fernandes SE, Michael GS, Patwardhan SK (2006) Sea level changes along the Indian coast: observations and projections. Curr Sci India 90:362–368
USGS (2005) The digital shoreline analysis system (DSAS) version 3.0, an ArcGIS extension for calculating historic shoreline change, open-file report 2005–1304. http://woodshole.er.usgs.gov/project-pages/DSAS/version3/. Accessed 27 Feb 2008
Willroth P, Massmann F, Wehrhahn R, Revilla Diez J (2012) Socio-economic vulnerability of coastal communities in southern Thailand: the development of adaptation strategies. Nat Hazards Earth Syst Sci 12:2647–2658. https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-12-2647-2012
Yin J, Yin Z, Wang J, Xu S (2012) National assessment of coastal vulnerability to sea-level rise for the Chinese coast. J Coast Conserv 16:123–133. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11852-012-0180-9
Acknowledgements
The authors thank Director, NIO, for his support to this research activity. The NIO contribution number is 6083. Authors also acknowledge Vidya P.J for SWH plots. The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
R., M.M., M., A. & P., V. A new insight to vulnerability of Central Odisha coast, India using analytical hierarchical process (AHP) based approach. J Coast Conserv 22, 799–819 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11852-018-0610-4
Received:
Revised:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11852-018-0610-4