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A Review of the Comprehensive Recovery of Valuable Elements from Copper Smelting Open-Circuit Dust and Arsenic Treatment

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Abstract

Copper smelting open-circuit (CSO) dust contains various valuable metals, such as copper, lead, and zinc, as well as undesirable toxic elements such as arsenic. Thus, the comprehensive recovery of valuable elements from CSO dust is highly significant from both economic and environmental perspectives. In this review, pyrometallurgical, pyrohydrometallurgical and hydrometallurgical processes are evaluated after the presentation of the formation mechanism and characterization of CSO dust. Hydrometallurgical processing is more suitable for treating the dust because of its low energy consumption, high metal recovery, and no secondary pollution. After the introduction of valuable metal recovery by cementation, sulfuration precipitation, and solvent extraction from CSO dust leaching solution, arsenic removal from the solution by lime, sulfides, iron salts, and natroalunite precipitations was reviewed. Arsenical natroalunite has excellent long-term stability, so natroalunite precipitation is very promising for arsenic immobilization.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 51504293), Qinghai Provincial Major Scientific and Technological Special Project of China (No. 2018-GX-A7), Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 2018JJ4038), Hunan Provincial Investigation on the Status and Management of Electronic Waste(No. 502231805), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of Central South University (CX20190138) and the Open-End Fund for the Valuable and Precision Instruments of Central South University (CSUZC201906).

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  1. School of Minerals Processing and Bioengineering, Central South University, Changsha, 410083, Hunan, China

    Bin Xu, Yongpeng Ma, Wei Gao, Yongbin Yang, Qian Li & Tao Jiang

  2. Qinghai Xiyu Nonferrous Metals Co., Ltd, Golmud, 816000, Qinghai, China

    Junkui Yang

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  1. Bin Xu
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Correspondence to Wei Gao.

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Xu, B., Ma, Y., Gao, W. et al. A Review of the Comprehensive Recovery of Valuable Elements from Copper Smelting Open-Circuit Dust and Arsenic Treatment. JOM 72, 3860–3875 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-020-04242-0

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