Abstract
Both experimental and numerical analysis of powder injection molding (PIM) of Ti-6Al-4V alloy were performed to prepare a defect-free high-performance Ti-6Al-4V part with low carbon/oxygen contents. The prepared feedstock was characterized with specific experiments to identify its viscosity, pressure–volume–temperature and thermal properties to simulate its injection molding process. A finite-element-based numerical scheme was employed to simulate the thermomechanical process during the injection molding. In addition, the injection molding, debinding, sintering and hot isostatic pressing processes were performed in sequence to prepare the PIMed parts. With optimized processing conditions, the PIMed Ti-6Al-4V part exhibits excellent physical and mechanical properties, showing a final density of 99.8%, tensile strength of 973 MPa and elongation of 16%.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
S.J. Park, Y. Wu, D.F. Heavey, X. Zou, G. Gai, and R.M. German, Metall. Mater. Trans. A 40A, 215 (2009).
S. Guo, X. Qu, X. He, T. Zhou, and B. Duan, J. Mater. Process. Technol. 173, 310 (2006).
J. Soyama, M. Oehring, T. Ebel, K.U. Kainer, and F. Pyczak, JOM 69, 676 (2017).
M. Qian and F.H. Froes, Titanium Powder Metallurgy: Science, Technology and Applications, 1st ed. (Waltham: Elsevier, 2015), pp. 337–360.
R.M. German and A. Bose, Injection Molding of Metals and Ceramics, 1st ed. (New Jersey: Metal Power Industries Federation, 1997), pp. 25–81.
T. Ebel, O.M. Ferri, W. Limberg, F.-P. Schimansky, and H.-Z. Geesthacht, Adv. Powder. Metall. Part. Mater. 1, 45 (2011).
A. Dehghan-Manshadi, M.J. Bermingham, M.S. Dargusch, D.H. StJohn, and M. Qian, Powder Technol. 319, 289 (2013).
A. Dehghan-Manshadi, D. StJohn, M. Dargusch, Y. Chen, J.F. Sun, and M. Qian, J. Manuf. Process. 31, 416 (2018).
R.M. German, Materials 6, 3641 (2013).
A. Mannschatz, S. Hohn, and T. Moritz, J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 30, 2827 (2010).
T.S. Shivashankar, R.K. Enneti, S.J. Park, R.M. German, and S.V. Atre, Powder Technol. 243, 79 (2013).
H.O. Gulsoy, N. Gulsoy, and R. Calisici, Bio-Med. Mater. Eng. 24, 1861 (2014).
D.F. Heaney, Handbook of Metal Injection Molding, 1st ed. (Cambridge: Woodhead Publishing Limited, 2012), pp. 197–231.
G. Aggarwal, S.J. Park, and I. Smid, Int. J. Refract. Met. Hard Mater. 24, 253 (2006).
S. Ahn, S.T. Chung, S.V. Atre, S.J. Park, and R.M. German, Powder Metall. 51, 318 (2008).
Th. Barriere, B. Liu, and J.C. Gelin, J. Mater. Process. Technol. 143–144, 636 (2003).
W. Fang, X. He, R. Zhang, S. Yang, and X. Qu, Powder Technol. 256, 367 (2014).
D. Lin, S.T. Chung, Y.S. Kwon, and S.J. Park, J. Mech. Sci. Technol. 30, 1859 (2016).
T.G. Kang and T.H. Kwon, Int. Polym. Proc. 22, 266 (2007).
J.-Y. Ho, J.M. Park, T.G. Kang, and S.J. Park, Polym. Eng. Sci. 52, 901 (2012).
L.P. Franca, S.L. Frey, and T.J.R. Hughes, Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Eng. 99, 209 (1992).
A.N. Brooks and T.J.R. Hughes, Comput. Methods Appl. Mech. Eng. 32, 199 (1982).
Acknowledgement
This work was supported by the research project of the Civil Military Technology Cooperation Program and National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) Grant funded by the Korea government (MSIT) (No. 2011-0030075).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding authors
Electronic supplementary material
Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Lin, D., Kang, T.G., Han, J.S. et al. Experimental and Numerical Analysis of Injection Molding of Ti-6Al-4V Powders for High-Performance Titanium Parts. JOM 70, 621–625 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-018-2786-3
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11837-018-2786-3