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Distribution and Sources of Organic Matter in Surface Sediments of the Northern Bering and Chukchi Seas by Using Bulk and Tetraether Proxies

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Abstract

The organic matter (OM) preserved in Arctic Ocean sediments is of great importance to the global carbon budget. However, works that apply multiple proxies to determine the distribution and concentration of organic carbon (OC) in the surface sediments of the northern Bering and Chukchi Seas remain limited. Here a multiproxy approach based on bulk OM parameters and the branched vs. isoprenoid tetraether (BIT) index was used to investigate the distribution and sources of OM in the surface sediments of the northern Bering and Chukchi Seas. Binary and ternary mixing models were applied to trace the contribution of different OC sources to the total OC in the study area. The δ13C values of the sediments provided by the binary model showed that the proportion of terrestrial OC fell in the range of 27.4%−79.8% (46.2% on average). The BIT index returned the lowest fraction (4.8%−27.3%, 12.0% on average). The ternary mixing model was employed to determine the plant-, soil-, and marine-derived fractions of the total OM. The ternary model showed that 11.5%±6.3%, 31.4%±9.5%, and 57.1%±12.4% of OM in the sediment of the study area was derived from soil, plants, and marine sources, respectively. The differences in OM composition between the west and east sides of the Chukchi Sea were controlled by OM inputs from key water masses (i.e., Anadyr Water and Alaska Coastal Water), river discharge, and the nutrient supply from the Pacific inflow that supports marine productivity.

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Acknowledgements

The authors thank the crew of the ‘RV Xuelong’ for collecting the samples used in this study, Prof. Meixun Zhao and his colleagues for assistance with the GDGT analysis, and Prof. Yongge Sun of Zhejiang University and his students for assistance with the δ13C analyses. This study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 41406217, 41276198, and 413 06200), the Sino-German Joint Project on Marine and Polar Cooperation (Natural Variability of Arctic Sea Ice and its significance for Global Climate Change and Organic Carbon Cycle), the Chinese Polar Environmental Comprehensive Investigation & Assessment Programs (Nos. CHINARE2014-03-04, CHINARE2014-04-03), and the Chinese Polar Science Strategy Research Foundation (No. 2012-01-04). We thank the China Scholarship Council with support to Jin Haiyan (No. 201404180012). Finally, we thank the editors and two anonymous reviewers for constructive suggestions

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  1. Key Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem and Biogeochemistry, State Oceanic Administration, Second Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Hangzhou, 310012, China

    Zhongqiang Ji, Haiyan Jin, Zhongqiao Li, Youcheng Bai, Hongliang Li, Yang Zhang & Jianfang Chen

  2. State Key Laboratory of Satellite Ocean Environment Dynamics, Hangzhou, 310012, China

    Haiyan Jin & Jianfang Chen

  3. Alfred Wegener Institute, Helmholtz Center for Polar and Marine Research, Bremerhaven, 27568, Germany

    Ruediger Stein

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  1. Zhongqiang Ji
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Ji, Z., Jin, H., Stein, R. et al. Distribution and Sources of Organic Matter in Surface Sediments of the Northern Bering and Chukchi Seas by Using Bulk and Tetraether Proxies. J. Ocean Univ. China 18, 563–572 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11802-019-3869-7

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