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Seasonal and Spatial Variability of Water Quality and Nutrient Removal Efficiency of Restored Wetland: A Case Study in Fujin National Wetland Park, China

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Abstract

To investigate the spatio-temporal and compositional variation of selected water quality parameters and understand the purifying effects of wetland in Fujin National Wetland Park (FNWP), China, the trophic level index (TLI), paired samples t-test and correlation analysis were used for the statistical analysis of a set of 10 water quality parameters. The analyses were based on water samples collected from 22 stations in FNWP between 2014 and 2016. Results initially reveal that total nitrogen (TN) concentrations are above class V levels (2 mg/L), total phosphorus (TP) concentrations are below class III levels (0.2 mg/L), and that all other parameters fall within standard ranges. Highest values for TN, pH, and Chlorophyll-a were recorded in 2016, while the levels of chemical oxygen demand (CODMn) and biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5) were lowest during this year. Similarly, TN values were highest between 2014 and 2016 while dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations were lowest in the summer and TP concentrations were highest in the autumn. Significant variations were also found in Secchi depth (SD), TN, CODMn (P < 0.01), TP, and DO levels (P < 0.05) between the inlet and outlet of the park. High-to-low levels of TN, TP, and TDS were found in cattails, reeds, and open water (the opposite trend was seen in SD levels). Tested wetland water had a light eutrophication status in most cases and TN and TP removal rates were between 7.54%–84.36% and 37.50%–70.83%, respectively. Data also show no significant annual changes in water quality within this wetland, although obvious affects from surrounding agricultural drainage were nevertheless recorded. Results reveal a high major nutrient removal efficiency (N and P). The upper limits of these phenomena should be addressed in future research alongside a more efficient and scientific agricultural layout for the regions in and around the FNWP.

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  1. These authors contributed equally to this work and should be considered co-first authors

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Center for Ecological Research, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin, 150040, China

    Nan Li & Guangze Jin

  2. Key Laboratory of Wetland Ecology and Environment, Northeast Institute of Geography and Agricultural, Chinese Academy of Science, Changchun, 130102, China

    Xue Tian, Xueying Jia & Ming Jiang

  3. Sanhuanpao National Natural Reserve, Fujin, 156100, China

    Yu Li & Hongchen Fu

  4. Fujin National Wetland Park Service, Fujin, 156100, China

    Yu Li & Hongchen Fu

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  1. Nan Li
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  2. Xue Tian
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  3. Yu Li
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  4. Hongchen Fu
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  5. Xueying Jia
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Correspondence to Ming Jiang.

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Foundation item: Under the auspices of the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. D41271106), the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2016YFA0602303)

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Li, N., Tian, X., Li, Y. et al. Seasonal and Spatial Variability of Water Quality and Nutrient Removal Efficiency of Restored Wetland: A Case Study in Fujin National Wetland Park, China. Chin. Geogr. Sci. 28, 1027–1037 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11769-018-0999-6

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