Skip to main content
Log in

Toxicity assessment of raw and ozonated benzothiazole synthetic wastewater

  • Original Paper
  • Published:
Chemical Papers Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Ozonation experiments were performed with model wastewater containing 100 g m−3 benzothiazole concentration. Ozonation was carried out in jet-loop reactor with external recirculation of the reaction mixture. Benzothiazole removal efficiency was 87%. Benzothiazole residual concentration and concentration of its degradation products after ozonation were expressed as COD and TOC values. In terms of biodegradability, respirometric measurements with activated sludge microorganisms were performed on samples of ozonated model wastewater. Increase in oxygen uptake rate compared to the endogenous phase was recorded in all measurements. Experimental data were fitted by Monod and Haldane equations. The best match of experimental and calculated data was achieved by Haldane kinetic model due to substrate and degradation products inhibition. The results of respirometric measurements indicate that ozonation improves the biodegradability of model wastewater and increases the oxygen uptake rate of activated sludge. However, substrate inhibition was observed with higher COD content. Toxicity test was performed on three organisms (Sinapis alba, Daphnia magna and Vibrio fischeri), and has shown that each studied organism responds differently on ozonated wastewater. Inhibition of S. alba decreases with ozonation time. Inhibition of V. fischeri reached maximum at 10 min of ozonation and inhibition of D. magna has minimum at the same ozonation time.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Scheme 1
Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  • Azizian MF, Nelson PO, Thayumanavan P, Williamson KJ (2003) Environmental impact of highway construction and repair materials on surface and ground waters: case study: crumb rubber asphalt concrete. Waste Manage 23:719–728. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0956-053X(03)00024-2

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Brownlee BG, Carey JH, MacInnis GA, Pellizzari IT (1992) Aquatic environmental chemistry of 2-(thiocyanomethylthio)benzotiazole and related benzothiazoles. Environ Toxicol Chem 11:1153–1168. https://doi.org/10.1002/etc.5620110812

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • De Wever H, Verachtert H (1997) Biodegradation and toxicity of benzothiazoles. Water Res 31:2673–2684. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1354(97)00138-3

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Derco J, Melicher M, Kassai A (2012) Removal of selected benzothiazols with ozone, municipal and industrial waste disposal, Dr. Xiao-Ying Yu (Ed.), ISBN: 978-953-51-0501-5, InTech, www.intechopen.com/books/municipal-and-industrial-waste-disposal/removal-of-selectedbenzothiazols-with-ozone. Accessed 24 June 2018

  • El-Bassi L, Iwasaki H, Oku H, Shinzato N, Matsui T (2010) Biotransformation of benzothiazole derivatives by the pseudomonas putida strain HKT554. Chemosphere 81:109–113. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chemosphere.2010.07.024

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • EC (2000) Directive 2000/60/EC of the European Parliament and of The Council of 23 October 2000 establishing a framework for community action in the field of water policy, Off. J. Eur. Communities, L 327/1

  • EC (2008) Directive 2008/105/EC of the European parliament and of the council of 16 December 2008 on environmental quality standards in the field of water policy, amending and subsequently repealing council directives 82/176/EEC, 83/513/EEC, 84/156/EEC, 84/491/EEC, 86/280/EEC and amending directive 2000/60/EC

  • EC (2013) Directive 2013/39/EU of the European parliament and of the council of 12 August 2013 amending directives 2000/60/EC and 2008/105/EC as regards priority substances in the field of water policy

  • Fiehn O, Wegener G, Jochimsen J, Jekel M (1998) Analysis of the ozonation of 2-mercaptobenzothiazole in water and tannery wastewater using sum parameters, liquid- and gas chromatography and capillary electrophoresis. Water Res 32(4):1075–1084. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0043-1354(97)00332-1

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ginsberg G, Toal B, Kurland T (2011) Benzothiazole toxicity assessment in support of synthetic turf field human health risk assessment. J Toxicol Environ Health 74:1175–1183. https://doi.org/10.1080/15287394.2011.586943

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hong-Gang N, Feng-Hui L, Xian-Lin L, Hui-Yu T, Zeng EY (2008) Occurrence, phase distribution, and mass loadings of benzothiazoles in riverine runoff of the pearl river delta, China. Environ Sci Technol 42:1892–1897. https://doi.org/10.1021/es071871c

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • ISO (2007) Water quality-determination of the inhibitory effect of water samples on the light emission of Vibrio fischeri (Luminescent bacteria test), ISO 11348-1

  • ISO (1989) ISO Water quality–determination of chemical oxygen demand, ISO 6060:1989(E)

  • Jochimsen J, Jekel M (1997) Partial oxidation effects during the combined oxidative and biological treatment of separated streams of tannery wastewater. Water Sci Technol 35(4):337–345

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kumar A, Kumar S, Kumar S (2005) Biodegradation kinetics of phenol and catechol using Pseudomonas putida MTCC 1194. Biochem Eng J 22:151–159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bej.2004.09.006

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Melicher M, Derco J, Valicková M, Luptáková A, Sumegová L. (2012). Removal of benzothiazoles by combinated ozonation and adsorption processes. Presented at the 39th international conference of Slovak society of chemical engineering, Tatranské Matliare, Slovakia, May 21–25

  • OECD: Terrestrial plants, growth test. OECD Guideline 208 (1984) Organization for economic cooperation and development. France, Paris

    Google Scholar 

  • Valdés H, Zaror CA (2006) Ozonation of benzothiazole saturated-activated carbons: influence of carbon chemical surface properties. J Hazard Mater B137:1042–1048. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2006.03.025

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Valdés H, Murillo FA, Manoli JA, Zaror CA (2008) Heterogeneous catalytic ozonation of benzothiazole aqueous solution promoted by volcanic sand. J Hazard Mater 153:1036–1042. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2007.09.057

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Xiao Y, Araujo C, Sze CC, Stuckey DC (2015) Toxicity measurement in biological wastewater treatment processes: a review. J Hazard Mater 286:15–29. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhazmat.2014.12.033

    Article  CAS  PubMed  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgements

This work was supported by the Slovak Research and Development Agency under the contract No. APVV-0656-12 and APVV-0450-17.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Corresponding author

Correspondence to Juraj Kecskés.

Electronic supplementary material

Below is the link to the electronic supplementary material.

Supplementary material 1 (DOCX 43 kb)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Kecskés, J., Derco, J. Toxicity assessment of raw and ozonated benzothiazole synthetic wastewater. Chem. Pap. 72, 3069–3075 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11696-018-0543-2

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11696-018-0543-2

Keywords

Navigation