Skip to main content
Log in

Crowdsourcing and cloudsourcing CCTV surveillance

  • Schwerpunkt
  • Published:
Datenschutz und Datensicherheit - DuD Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

While the continuing proliferation of CCTV surveillance is a cause for concern, its impact on privacy has in the past been mitigated by certain natural limitations on the way CCTV systems operate in practice. In particular, the increased quantity of surveillance data has not been matched by a similar increase in our ability to process and evaluate it. This paper compares different models of technology enabled analysis of CCTV footage, with a focus on the emerging trend of crowdsourced CCTV analysis: in the world of crowdsourced surveillance, “Big Brother is us”.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Similar content being viewed by others

Literatur

  • Clarke, M. (1994), “Blind eye on the street?”, Police Review, August, pp.29–39.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cohen, L., Felson, M. (1979), “Social change and crime rate trends: a routine activities approach”, American Sociological Review, Vol. 44 pp.588–608

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Davies, A. C., & Velastin, S. A. (2005). A progress review of intelligent CCTV surveillance systems. Proc. IEEE IDAACS, 417–423; for a legal analysis see also Gerrit Hornung und Monika Desoi, „Smart Cameras“ und automatische Verhaltensanalyse, Kommunikation und Recht, 153–158, März 2011.

    Google Scholar 

  • Davies, G., Thasen, S. (2000), “Closed circuit television: how effective an identification air?”, British Journal of Psychology, Vol. 91 pp.411–426

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Davis, L. (2001), Real Time Computer Surveillance for Crime Detection, National Institute of Justice, Washington, DC

    Google Scholar 

  • Fyfe, N. (1996), “City watching: closed circuit television surveillance in public spaces”, Area, Vol. 28 No.1, pp.37–46.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gill, M. L., & Mawby, R. I. (1990). A Special Constable: a study of the police reserve. Aldershot: Avebury

    Google Scholar 

  • Groombridge, N., Murji, K. (1994), “As easy as AB and CCTV”, Policing, Vol. 10 No.4, pp.283–290

    Google Scholar 

  • Guth, D J. (1994). “The Traditional Common Law Constable, 1235–1829: From Bracton to the Fieldings to Canada”. In Macleod, R.C.; Schneiderman, David. Police Powers in Canada: The Evolution and Practice of Authority. Toronto: University of Toronto Press

    Google Scholar 

  • Ickler, H. (2012). Wertschöpfung durch webbasierte kollektive Intelligenz. BoD-Books on Demand.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kai H. and Juho H. (2012) Defining gamification: a service marketing perspective. In Proceeding of the 16th International Academic MindTrek Conference (MindTrek’ 12). ACM, New York, NY, USA

    Google Scholar 

  • Kanefsky, Bob, Barlow, N. and Gulick, V. (2001) “Can distributed volunteers accomplish massive data analysis tasks.” Lunar and Planetary Science 1

    Google Scholar 

  • Kelley, P. G. (2010). Conducting usable privacy & security studies with amazon’s mechanical turk. In Symposium on Usable Privacy and Security (SOUPS)(Redmond, WA.

    Google Scholar 

  • Korshunov, P., Cai, S., & Ebrahimi, T. (2012) Crowdsourcing approach for evaluation of privacy filters in video surveillance. In Proceedings of the ACM multimedia 2012 workshop on Crowdsourcing for multimedia (pp. 35–40). ACM.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  • Legrand, P. “European legal systems are not converging.” International and Comparative Law Quarterly 45.01 (1996): 52–81

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Monahan, T, and Mokos, JT, (2013). “Crowdsourcing urban surveillance: The development of homeland security markets for environmental sensor networks.” Geoforum

    Google Scholar 

  • Norris, C., Armstrong, G. (1999), The Maximum Surveillance Society: The Rise of CCTV, Berg, Oxford, p. 210–211

    Google Scholar 

  • Tinnefeld, M-T./ Rauhofer, J. ‚Whistleblower: Verantwortliche Mitarbeiter oder Denunzianten? Fragen im Feld von Ethikrichtlinien, des Datenschutzes und der Mitbestimmung“ (2008) Datenschutz und Datensicherheit Vol. 32, No. 11, pp. 717–723

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Rawlings, P: Policing before the Police. In T. Newborn, Handbook of Policing, Wilan Publishing, Cullompton, (2009) p. 47–72

  • Schafer, B. ‚Schlafwandelnd in den überwachungsstaat? ‘(2009) Datenschutz und Datensicherheit Vol. 8 pp 483–489

  • Schafer, B. ‘All changed, changed utterly? Privacy protection in post-Labour Britain’ (2011) Datenschutz und Datensicherheit Vol 35 pp.634–638

  • South, N. (1987), “The security and surveillance of the environment”, in Lowman, J., Menzies, R., Pays, T. (Eds), Transcarceration: Essays in the Sociology of Social Control, Gower, Aldershot, pp.129–52.

    Google Scholar 

  • Surette, R. (1985), “Video street patrol: media technology and street crime”, Journal of Police Science and Administration, Vol. 13 pp.78–85

    Google Scholar 

  • Surette, R. (2005) “The thinking eye: Pros and cons of second generation CCTV surveillance systems”, Policing: An International Journal of Police Strategies & Management, Vol. 28 Iss: 1, pp.152–173

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Velastin, J. H. Yin, A. C. Davies, M. A. Vicencio-Silva, R. E. Allsop A. Penn, “Automated measurement of crowd density and motion using image processing,” 7th Int. Conf. on Road Traffic Monitoring and Control, London, 1994, pp. 127–132

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Additional information

Prof. Burkhard Schafer Professor for Computional Legal Theory, School of Law, Edinburgh University

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Schafer, B. Crowdsourcing and cloudsourcing CCTV surveillance. Datenschutz Datensich 37, 434–439 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11623-013-0173-3

Download citation

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11623-013-0173-3

Navigation