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Current State of Knowledge on Implications of Gut Microbiome for Surgical Conditions

  • Review Article
  • Published:
Journal of Gastrointestinal Surgery Aims and scope

Abstract

The role of the microbiome in human health has become a central tenant of current medical research, infiltrating a diverse disciplinary base whereby microbiology, computer science, ecology, gastroenterology, immunology, neurophysiology and psychology, metabolism, and cardiovascular medicine all intersect. Traditionally, commensal gut microbiota have been assumed to play a significant role only in the metabolic processing of dietary nutrients and host metabolites, the fortification of gut epithelial barrier function, and the development of mucosal immunity. However, over the last 20 years, new technologies and renewed interest have uncovered a considerably broader influence of the microbiota on health maintenance and disease development, many of which are of particular relevance for surgeons. This article provides a broad overview of the current state of knowledge and a review of the technology that helped in their formation.

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Funding

This work was funded in part by T32HL094293 (to E.C. and C.C.); Abbott Fund (to E.C.); K08HL130601 (to K.H.) from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute; American College of Surgeons/Society of Vascular Surgery (to K.H.); Vascular Cures (to K.H.); and National Institute of Justice award 2017-MU-MU-0042 (to J.A.G.)

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA

    Edmund B. Chen, Cori Cason & Karen J. Ho

  2. Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA

    Jack A. Gilbert

  3. Division of Vascular Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 676 North St. Clair Street, Suite 650, Chicago, IL, 60611, USA

    Karen J. Ho

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  1. Edmund B. Chen
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All authors contributed to the conception, acquisition, and analysis of data; drafting and critical revision of the manuscript; gave final approval to the manuscript; and accept accountability for all aspects of the work.

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Correspondence to Karen J. Ho.

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Chen, E.B., Cason, C., Gilbert, J.A. et al. Current State of Knowledge on Implications of Gut Microbiome for Surgical Conditions. J Gastrointest Surg 22, 1112–1123 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11605-018-3755-4

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