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Recent Advancements in Intestinal Microbiota Analyses: A Review for Non-Microbiologists

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Summary

Microbial constituents naturally inhabiting the gastrointestinal tract may influence the homeostasis of the gut environment. The presence or overabundance of some bacterial taxa has been reported to be associated with complex diseases, and the metabolites of certain bacteria may contribute to diverse disorders by influencing signaling pathways. Therefore, the study of gut microbial population has emerged as a crucial field and a new potential area of clinical significance. Advances in the methods of microbiota analysis have shed light upon the details including species diversity, microfloral activities as well as the entire gut microbiota. Nevertheless, comprehensive reviews on this subject are still limited. For elucidating the appropriate selection strategy of the methods to address a particular research question, we comprehensively reviewed the continuously improving technologies, classical to newly developed, and dissected their relative advantages and drawbacks. In addition, aiming at the rapidly advancing next-generation sequencing, we enumerated the improvements in mainstream platforms and made the horizontal and vertical comparison among them. Additionally, we demonstrated the four main -omics methods, which may provide further mechanistic insights into the role of microbiota, to propel phylotyping analysis to functional analysis.

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  1. Both authors contributed equally to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Psychiatry, Wuhan Youfu Hospital, Wuhan, 430050, China

    Xiao-wei Feng

  2. Department of Ultrasound, Wuhan Women and Children’s Health Care Center, Wuhan, 430016, China

    Wen-ping Ding

  3. Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China

    Ling-yun Xiong, Liang Guo, Jia-ming Sun & Peng Xiao

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  1. Xiao-wei Feng
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Correspondence to Peng Xiao.

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Feng, Xw., Ding, Wp., Xiong, Ly. et al. Recent Advancements in Intestinal Microbiota Analyses: A Review for Non-Microbiologists. CURR MED SCI 38, 949–961 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11596-018-1969-z

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