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Three new species of Russula from South China

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Abstract

Russula lotus, R. nivalis, and R. purpureoverrucosa are proposed here as new taxa based on morphological and molecular evidences. The new species are described with illustration photographs and line drawings, and compared against related species. Morphologically, R. lotus (subgenus Heterophyllidia, section Heterophyllae, subsection Cyanoxanthinae) is characterized by a medium-sized basidioma with a pale pink to purplish pink pileus whose center area is yellowish white, white to cream white lamellae occasionally forked with lamellulae, a cream white smooth stipe, broadly ellipsoid to ellipsoid basidiospores ornamented with disconnected amyloid warts and inamyloid suprahilar plage, dispersed sulphovanillin (SV)-negative pileocystidia, and the pileipellis with suprapellis cells claw-assembled. Russula nivalis (subgenus Russula, section Russula, subsection Russula) is characterized by a very small pure white basidioma with a pileus 7–12 mm in diameter, abundant clavate pileocystidia and caulocystidia changing purplish red in SV, and broadly ellipsoidal to ellipsoid basidiospores ornamented with strongly amyloid warts and ridges interconnected by fine lines in an uncompleted or completed reticulum, mostly with inamyloid suprahilar plage. Russula purpureoverrucosa (subgenus Incrustatula, section Lilaceinae, subsection Lilaceinae) is characterized by a medium-sized basidioma with a red to grayish magenta pileus slightly areolate in small irregular warts from center to margin, a stipe with the same color and warts as the pileus, white to cream white occasionally forked lamellae with lamellulae, broadly ellipsoidal to ellipsoid basidiospores ornamented with amyloid warts and ridges rarely connected, abundant clavate pleurocystidia covered with thick yellowish incrustations, and the pileipellis with suprapellis cells a typical trichoderm, some of which covered with yellowish incrustations, pileocystidia absent. Phylogenetic analysis of nucleotide sequences of the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region provided further evidence that the described species belong to the subsections above respectively, and represent new taxa.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to the following persons for their kind help: Prof. Zhu-Liang Yang and Dr. Gang Wu, Kunming Institute of Botany (Chinese Academy of Sciences), for preserving specimens of the three new species, and providing Russula specimens; Mr. Emanuele Campo, an amateur mycologist from Italy and Prof. Tai-Hui Li, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, for providing valuable monographs on the genus Russula; Dr. Xiang-Hua Wang, Kunming Institute of Botany (Chinese Academy of Sciences) and Prof. Krishnendu Acharya, University of Calcutta, for scientific discussions and valuable suggestions; Dr. Jiao Qin, Kunming Institute of Botany (Chinese Academy of Sciences), Dr. Chao-Qun Wang, Guangdong Institute of Microbiology, and Mr. Gen-Shen Wang, Sun Yat-Sen University, for helping with using software for phylogenetic analyses; Prof. Christian Staehelin, Sun Yat-Sen University, for checking the Latin names; Prof. Li-Hong Qiu and Dr. Yu Song, Sun Yat-Sen University, for providing valuable literature on Russula; Prof. Zhi-Hui Deng, School of Foreign Languages, Sun Yet-Sen University, for checking the English; Ms. Zheng-Duan Xiao and Mr. Hao Huang (technicians), the Guangdong Institute of Microbiology and Dr. Xin-Yu Wang (technician), Kunming Institute of Botany (Chinese Academy of Sciences), for providing Russula specimens. Finally, we would like to thank three anonymous reviewers for their critical comments and suggestions to improve the manuscript. This study was financially sponsored by the School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University.

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  1. School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China

    Fang Li & Qing-Li Deng

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  1. Fang Li
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Correspondence to Fang Li.

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Section Editor: Zhu-Liang Yang

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Li, F., Deng, QL. Three new species of Russula from South China. Mycol Progress 17, 1305–1321 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11557-018-1447-9

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