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Crayfish shell biochar modified with magnesium chloride and its effect on lead removal in aqueous solution

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Abstract

In this study, crayfish shell was pyrolyzed at 600 °C to obtain an unmodified biochar (CS600). MgCl2 was used as a modifier to pretreat crayfish shell to produce a modified biochar (CS600-MgCl2) under the same pyrolysis conditions. The two biochars were characterized for physicochemical properties and evaluated for lead (Pb2+) sorption ability to determine the modification mechanism. Mono-element batch adsorption experiments were conducted to compare the sorption performances of CS600 and CS600-MgCl2 to Pb2+ in aqueous solutions. All the experiments were carried out at pH of 7. According to the Freundlich–Langmuir model, CS600-MgCl2 had a higher adsorption capacity (152.3 mg/g) than CS600 (134.3 mg/g). FTIR, SEM, XRD, BET, and ICP analyses were applied to inform the interpretation of the mechanism. CS600 was calcium-rich and mainly removed Pb2+ through the ion exchange mechanism by replacing Ca2+ in the biochar. The increased Pb2+ adsorption capacity of CS600-MgCl2 was mainly due to the enlarged specific surface area and the formation of Mg3(OH)5Cl·4H2O on the modified biochar. Findings of this study suggest that both CS600 and CS600-MgCl2 can be used to remove heavy metal ions from wastewater and MgCl2 can improve the sorption performance of biochar.

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Funding

This work was partially supported by the National “Twelfth Five-Year” Plan for Science & Technology Pillar Program (grant number 2014BAL04B04), and the Wuhan Water Engineering & Technology Co. Ltd.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. School of Civil Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China

    Jiaqi Zhang, Xiaolan Hu, Jinpeng Yan, Li Long & Yingwen Xue

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  1. Jiaqi Zhang
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  2. Xiaolan Hu
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  3. Jinpeng Yan
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  4. Li Long
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  5. Yingwen Xue
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Correspondence to Yingwen Xue.

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Responsible editor: Philippe Garrigues

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Zhang, J., Hu, X., Yan, J. et al. Crayfish shell biochar modified with magnesium chloride and its effect on lead removal in aqueous solution. Environ Sci Pollut Res 27, 9582–9588 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-07631-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-020-07631-9

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