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Mitigation of Cr(VI) toxicity using Pd-nanoparticles immobilized catalytic reactor (Pd-NICaR) fabricated via plasma and gamma radiation

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Abstract

Catalytic reduction of Cr(VI) to less toxic Cr(III) form using metal nanoparticles is one of the novel approaches adopted to deal with Cr toxicity. In this work, we report the fabrication of a facile, reusable, and robust Pd nanoparticles-immobilized catalytic reactor (Pd-NICaR) system using green, environment-friendly gamma radiolytic, and plasma polymerization processes. A room temperature, RF-powered plasma polymerization process was employed to functionalize a polyethylene–polypropylene (PE–PP) non-woven matrix with epoxy group containing monomer 2,3-epoxypropyl methacrylate (EPMA). EPMA-functionalized PE–PP (EPMA-f-PE–PP) substrate was subsequently used as a template for in situ generation and immobilization of Pd NPs via gamma radiolytic route. The samples were characterized using FTIR, SEM, XPS, and XRF techniques. The catalytic efficacy of Pd-NICaR towards Cr(VI) reduction, in the presence of formic acid (FA) as a reductant, was investigated spectrophotometrically, and reaction parameters were optimized at reaction temperature of 50 °C and [FA]/[Cr(VI)] = 680 to achieve catalytic reduction efficiency of 99.7% within 10 min in batch process. The system showed excellent reusability (~ 20 cycles) and storage stability (> 30 days) without substantial loss (~ 11%) of activity. Practical applicability of the robust catalytic system towards Cr(VI) toxicity mitigation was established in continuous flow mode using a fixed-bed column reactor.

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This research did not receive any specific grant from funding agencies in the public, commercial, or not-for-profit sectors.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Radiation Technology Development Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India

    Nilanjal Misra, Virendra Kumar, Swarnima Rawat, Narender Kumar Goel, Shubhangi A. Shelkar & Lalit Varshney

  2. Homi Bhabha National Institute, Anushaktinagar, Mumbai, 400094, India

    Virendra Kumar & Lalit Varshney

  3. Technical Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India

    Jagannath

  4. Analytical Chemistry Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Trombay, Mumbai, 400085, India

    Rakesh Kumar Singhal

Authors
  1. Nilanjal Misra
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  2. Virendra Kumar
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  3. Swarnima Rawat
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  4. Narender Kumar Goel
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  5. Shubhangi A. Shelkar
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  6. Jagannath
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  7. Rakesh Kumar Singhal
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  8. Lalit Varshney
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Correspondence to Nilanjal Misra.

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Responsible editor: Bingcai Pan

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Misra, N., Kumar, V., Rawat, S. et al. Mitigation of Cr(VI) toxicity using Pd-nanoparticles immobilized catalytic reactor (Pd-NICaR) fabricated via plasma and gamma radiation. Environ Sci Pollut Res 25, 16101–16110 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-1709-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-018-1709-8

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