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Organochlorine pesticides in placenta in Kyrgyzstan and the effect on pregnancy, childbirth, and newborn health

  • 13th IHPA Forum and selected studies on POPs
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Abstract

Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) were determined by gas chromatography in 241 placentas from cotton-growing regions, 121 placentas from an urban area (city of Osh), and 146 placentas from unpolluted mountain regions of Kyrgyzstan. Manifestations of disease were recorded in the mothers during pregnancy and parturition and in their newborns during the first 6 days of life. OCPs were detected in 240 out of 508 placentas (47.2%), with increased incidence in the two polluted regions (65%), particularly in placentas from women living near former pesticide storehouses and agro air-strips (99%), but only in 2.7% of placentas from the unpolluted region. α-, β-, and γ-hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH); DDT; DDE; aldrin; and heptachlor were detected. The sum of concentrations of all OCPs (total OCPs) was calculated for each of the 240 placentas with detectable OCPs (median 9.5 μg/kg placenta, mean 88.3 μg/kg, range 0.1–3070 μg/kg). The incidence of health problems in four subgroups of this data set, with increasing levels of total OCPs, was compared with the incidence of health problems in the group of 268 placentas, where OCPs were undetectable. Relative risk of health problems in both, mothers and newborns, increased significantly, in a concentration-dependent manner, with increasing levels of total OCPs (p < 0.0001). Health complications with increased incidence in OCP-exposed newborns included, i.a., low birth weight, congenital malformations, infections, and stillbirths, in OCP-exposed mothers preterm delivery, (pre-)eclampsia/gestosis, and frequency of hospitalizations after delivery (infections). Women living near former pesticide storehouses and agro airstrips should be considered as being at risk. Reduction of exposure is urgently needed.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are indebted to Medicine-Yug LLC for the financial support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Medical Problems, South Branch of the National Academy of Sciences of the Kyrgyz Republic, 723504, Osh, Kyrgyzstan

    Rakhmanbek Mamatkadyrovich Toichuev, Liudmila Victorovna Zhilova, Timur Rashidinovich Paizildaev, Madina Shavkatovna Khametova, Abdygapar Rakhmatillaev, Kyialbek Sherikbaevich Sakibaev, Zhanyl Akhmedovna Madykova & Asel Uezbekovna Toichueva

  2. GREEN Tox GmbH, Langackerstrasse 49, CH-8057, Zürich, Switzerland

    Margret Schlumpf & Walter Lichtensteiger

  3. POPs Environmental Consulting, Lindenfirststr. 23, 73527, Schwäbisch Gmünd, Germany

    Roland Weber

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  1. Rakhmanbek Mamatkadyrovich Toichuev
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  2. Liudmila Victorovna Zhilova
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  3. Timur Rashidinovich Paizildaev
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  4. Madina Shavkatovna Khametova
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  8. Asel Uezbekovna Toichueva
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  9. Margret Schlumpf
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  10. Roland Weber
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  11. Walter Lichtensteiger
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Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Rakhmanbek Mamatkadyrovich Toichuev or Roland Weber.

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Responsible editor: Philippe Garrigues

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Toichuev, R.M., Zhilova, L.V., Paizildaev, T.R. et al. Organochlorine pesticides in placenta in Kyrgyzstan and the effect on pregnancy, childbirth, and newborn health. Environ Sci Pollut Res 25, 31885–31894 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-0962-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-017-0962-6

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