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Enhancement of Cd phytoextraction by hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii using electrical field and organic amendments

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Abstract

The combined use of organic amendment-assisted phytoextraction and electrokinetic remediation to decontaminate Cd-polluted soil was demonstrated in a laboratory-scale experiment. The plant species selected was the hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii. Prior to the pot experiment, the loamy soil was treated with 15 g kg−1 of pig manure compost, 10 g kg−1 of humic acid, or 5 mmol kg−1 of EDTA, and untreated soil without application of any amendment was the control. Two conditions were applied to each treatment: no voltage (without an electrical field) and a direct current (DC) electrical field (1 V cm−1 with switching polarity every day). Results indicated that Cd concentrations in S. alfredii were significantly (p < 0.05) increased by application of the electrical field and soil amendments (pig manure compost, humic acid, and EDTA). By switching the polarity of the DC electrical field, significant pH variation from anode to cathode can be avoided, and no significant impact was observed on shoot biomass production. Electrical field application increased DTPA-extractable Cd in soils and the Cd accumulation in shoots by 6.06–15.64 and 24.53–52.31%, respectively. The addition of pig manure compost and humic acid enhanced shoot Cd accumulation by 1.54- to 1.92- and 1.38- to 1.64-fold because of their simultaneous enhancement of Cd concentration in shoots and biomass production. However, no enhancement of Cd accumulation was found in the EDTA treatment, which can be ascribed to the inhibition of plant growth caused by EDTA. In conclusion, pig manure compost or humic acid addition in combination with the application of a switched-polarity DC electrical field could significantly enhance Cd phytoextraction by hyperaccumulator S. alfredii.

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Acknowledgements

This study was financially supported by the Hangzhou Program of Science and Technology Development (20150533B13) and the State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory Breeding Base for Zhejiang Sustainable Pest and Disease Control, Institute of Quality and Standard for Agro-products, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China

    Wendan Xiao, Xuezhu Ye, Qi Zhang, Jing Hu & Na Gao

  2. Hangzhou Plant Protection and Soil Fertilizer Station, Hangzhou, 310020, China

    Dan Li & Jingwen Wang

  3. College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, 311300, China

    Haizhou Xu & Guihua Yao

Authors
  1. Wendan Xiao
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  2. Dan Li
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  3. Xuezhu Ye
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  4. Haizhou Xu
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  5. Guihua Yao
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  6. Jingwen Wang
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  7. Qi Zhang
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  8. Jing Hu
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  9. Na Gao
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Correspondence to Xuezhu Ye.

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Responsible editor: Zhihong Xu

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Xiao, W., Li, D., Ye, X. et al. Enhancement of Cd phytoextraction by hyperaccumulator Sedum alfredii using electrical field and organic amendments. Environ Sci Pollut Res 24, 5060–5067 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-8277-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11356-016-8277-6

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