Abstract
The corrosive nature of a marine environment is an important factor to be considered during the fatigue design of offshore structures. Thereto S-N curves must be determined in close to real conditions which is highly time consuming. It is hypothesized that if the corrosion process is accelerated at approximately the same rate as the fatigue frequency, testing time could be highly reduced. Corrosion acceleration is possible by modifying physical and/or electrochemical properties involved in the redox reactions. In this work the first option was chosen. Based on a literature review temperature and dissolved oxygen level were concluded to be the most influencing parameters. Several test scenarios with different combinations of sea water temperature and dissolved oxygen level have been defined. Corresponding S-N curves have been constructed for HSLA steel (type DNV F460) specimens immersed in natural seawater. The direct current potential drop technique was used to quantify damage evolution for all tested scenarios. Additionally, a reference S-N curve for immersed behaviour was determined at a temperature and frequency close to North Sea conditions. Comparison of the experimental results indicates that an average acceleration of the corrosion assisted fatigue damage process of around 80 % could be obtained.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Dover W.D, Dharmavasan S, Brennan F.P, Marsh K.J (1995) Fatigue crack growth in offshore structures. ISBN 0947817786. EMAS, UK.
Thorntonbank golfdata 2003–2013 (2016) Meetnet vlaamse banken.
R.P G (2005) Environmental cracking-corrosion fatigue. In: Baboian R (ed) Corrosion tests and standards: application and interpretation, 2nd edn. ASTM, USA, pp. 302–321
Prakash R.V, Dhinakaran S (2013) Estimation of corrosion fatigue-crack growth through frequency shedding method. ASTM International Journal Vol. 9, No. 5.
Procter R.P.M (1991) Atlas of stress-corrosion and corrosion fatigue curves. Br Corr J Vol. 26 No. 1. ISBN0871703742.
Palin-Luc T, Perez-Mora R, Bathias C, Dominguez G, Paris P, Arana J (2010) Fatigue crack initiation and growth on a steel in the very high cycle regime with sea water corrosion. Eng Fract Mech 77:1953–1962
C.L M (2005) Cabinet tests. In: Baboian R (ed) Corrosion tests and standards: application and interpretation, 2nd edn. ASTM, USA, pp. 302–321
ASTM B117 (2003) Standard practice for operating salt spray (fog) apparatus. ASTM.
ASTM G85 (2009) Standard practice for modified salt spray (fog) testing. ASTM.
LeBozec N, Thierry D (2015) A new device for simultaneous corrosion fatigue testing of joined materials in accelerated corrosion tests Materials and Corrosion:66 No. 9
Fujian T, Zhibin L, Genda C, Weijian Y (2014) Three-dimensional corrosion pit measurement and statistical mechanical degradation analysis of deformed steel bars subjected to accelerated corrosion. Constr Build Mater 70:104–117
Kelita S, Raghava G, Vishnuvardhan S, Ramesh Babu C (2015) Accelerated Corrosion Fatigue Crack Growth Studies on IS 2062 Gr. E 300 Steel. International Journal of Science and Engineering Applications Volume 4 Issue 3, ISSN-2319-7560 (Online).
Aarthi P.S, Raghava G, Vishnuvardhan S, Surendar M (2015) Accelerated Corrosion Fatigue Studies on SA 333 Gr.6 Carbon Steel. IJIRSET journal Vol. 4, Special Issue 6.
Jung-Gu K, Yong-Jae Y, Jeong-Kun Y (2005) Prediction of long-term corrosion and mechanical behaviors of steel in seawater by an electrochemically accelerated aging technique. Met Mater Int 11(3):209–214
Khoma M. S, Pokhmurs’kyi V. I (2003) Changes in the electrochemical characteristics of corrosion-resistant steels at the beginning of the process of corrosion-fatigue damage. Mater Sci 39(1):9–14.
Yousuke Y, Junya T, Mikihito H, Itoh Y (2013) Corrosion Deterioration Characteristics of Structural Steel by accelerated exposure test system under the water. NACE international East Asia & Pacific Rim Area Conference & Expo 2013 (Kyoto Japan) 19:21.
Stephen D. Cramer, Bernard S. Covino, Jr. (2003) ASM Handbook Volume 13A - Corrosion Fundamentals, Testing, And Protection. ISBN: 9780871707055, ASM international.
Shreir L. L, Jarman R.A, Burstein G.T (2000) Corrosion Vol 1 3rd edition. ISBN: 978–0–08-052351-4, BH Oxford.
Hagn L (1988) Life prediction methods for aqueous environments. Mater Sci Eng A 103:193–205
Revie R. W, H.H U (2008) Corrosion and corrosion control. An introduction to corrosion science and engineering, 4th edn. Wiley-interscience, New Jersey
Pargeter R, Baxter D, Holmes B (2008) Corrosion fatigue of steel catenary risers in sweet production. OMAE:2008–57075
Woollin P, Pargeter R, Maddox S (2004) Corrosion fatigue performance of welded risers for deepwater applications. Corrosion 2004–04144.
DOE fundamentals handbook (1999) Doe-HDBK-1015/1-93. Chemistry Vol 1:2
Möller H, E.T B, Froneman H (2006) The corrosion behavior of low carbon steel in natural and synthetic seawaters. The Journal of the South African institute of Mining and Metallurgy 106:585–592
ASTM D1141–98 (2013) Standard practice for the preparation of Substitute Ocean water. ASTM.
G.M C (1975) Formulae and methods VI. Woods Hole, MA, The Marine Biological Laboratory
Knop M, Heath J, Sterjovski Z, S.P L (2010) Effects of cycle frequency on corrosion-fatigue crack growth in cathodically protected high-strength steels. Procedia Engineering 2:1243–1252
Imanian A, Modarres M (2015) A thermodynamic entropy approach to reliability assessment with applications to corrosion fatigue. Entropy 17(10):6995–7020
Zuo-Yan Y, Dao-Xin L, Xiao-Hua Z, Xiao-Ming Z, Ming-Xia L, Zhi Y (2015) Corrosion fatigue behavior of 7A85 aluminum alloy thick plate in NaCl solution. Acta Metallurgica Sinica (English Letters) 28(8):1047–1054
Campbell L, Yuanfeng L (2000) Methods and devices for electrochemically determining metal fatigue status. Patent US006026691A.
Shu-Xin Li, Akid R (2013) Corrosion fatigue life prediction of a steel shaft material in seawater. Eng. F Analysis S1350–630700280-X.
Mohamed A, J.R C, W.F C (2013) Corrosion fatigue of alloys containing chromium and molybdenum. Int J Eng Sci (IJES) 2(6):111–121
Michailidis N, Stergioudi F, Maliaris G, Tsouknidas A (2014) Influence of galvanization on the corrosion fatigue performance of high-strength steel. Surf Coat Technol 259:456–464
Toledano Prados M, Galan Diaz J.J, Conde Del Campo A, Arenas Varas M. A (2012) Device for corrosion and fatigue testing. Patent WO2012/146819 A1.
McMaster F, Thompson H, Zhang M, Walters D, Bowman J (2007) Sour service corrosion fatigue testing of flowline welds. OMAE:2007–29060
Wang J, Li X (2014) A Phenomenological Model for Fatigue Crack Growth Rate of X70 Pipeline Steel in H2S Corrosive Environment. J. Pressure Vessel Technol 136(4), 041703.
Bruchhausen M, Fischer B, Ruiz A, González S, Hähner P, Soller S (2014) Impact of hydrogen on the high cycle fatigue behaviour of Inconel 718 in asymmetric push-pull mode at room temperature. Int J Fatigue 70:137–145
Leidinger D, Holper B, Sommitsch C (2015) Construction of a corrosion test device for the installation in a rotating bending machine for corrosion fatigue tests of Cr-Mn-N austenitic steels used in the oil-field industry. BHM 160(9):419–425
ASTM E 466–96 (2002) Standard practice for conducting force controlled constant amplitude axial fatigue tests of metallic materials. ASTM.
ASTM 647 (2014) Standard test method for measurement of fatigue crack growth rates. ASTM.
Delmotte E., Micone N, De Waele W (2015) Testing methodologies for corrosion fatigue. Sustain. Constr. Des. J., vol.6, No. 3.
Micone N, De Waele W (2016) On the application of Infrared Thermography and Potential Drop for the accelerated determination of an S-N curve. Experimental mechanics. Manuscript number EXME-D-16-00149 (accepted for publication).
ASTM E 739–91 (2004) Standard practice for statistical analysis of linear or linearized stress-life (S-N) and strain-life (e-N) fatigue data. ASTM.
Dong-Hwan K, Jong-Kwan L, Tae-Won K (2011) Corrosion fatigue crack propagation of high-strength steel HSB800 in a seawater environment. Procedia Engineering 10:1170–1175
Suresh S, G.F Z, R.O R (1981) Oxide-induced crack closure: an explanation for near-threshold corrosion fatigue crack growth behavior. ASME and the metallurgical society of AIME Volume 12A:1435
Haiyun H (1997) Fatigue and corrosion fatigue crack growth resistance of RQT501 steel. A Dissertation Submitted to the University of Sheffield for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Faculty of Engineering
Hudak S, Robledo G, Hawk J (2011) Corrosion-fatigue performance of high-strength riser steels in seawater and sour brine environments. OMAE:2011–50171
DNV-RP-C203 (2014) Fatigue design of offshore steel structures. DNV.
BS 7191 (2005) British standard specification for weldable structural steels for fixed offshore structures. BS.
Shipilov S.A (2005) Corrosion fatigue. WIT Transactions on State of the Art in Science and Engineering, Vol 1, WIT Press ISSN 1755–8336 (on-line).
Schijve J (2009) Fatigue of Structures and Materials, 2nd edition. ISBN 9781402068072.
Romaniv O.N, Vol’demarov A.V, Nikiforchin G.N (1981) Factors in acceleration of crack growth during corrosion fatigue of high-strength steels. Mater Sci 16: 406. doi:10.1007/BF00724469.
Acknowledgments
The authors would like to acknowledge the financial support of VLAIO (Agency for innovation and business - grant n°131797) and SIM (Strategic Initiative Materials in Flanders – MaDurOS program).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Micone, N., De Waele, W. Evaluation of Methodologies to Accelerate Corrosion Assisted Fatigue Experiments. Exp Mech 57, 547–557 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11340-016-0241-3
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11340-016-0241-3